“Influencia del % fibras de cabuya y tiempo sobre el comportamiento mecánico de morteros de concreto reciclado con relaves mineros activados”
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Date
2024-09
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Publisher
Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Actualmente el Perú cuenta con 450 minas en estado de abandono y más de 200 minas se
encuentran operativas generando aproximadamente 100 mil toneladas de relaves mineros a
diario, los relaves de minas abandonadas y en explotación constituyen un problema, si no se
almacenan correctamente la represa llega a colapsar por la sobresaturación de relaves, lo que
genera el deterioro de los suelos y la contaminación de ríos.
Por consiguiente, en la presente investigación se conformaron cubos de 50 x 50 x 50mm y vigas
de 40 x 40 x 160 mm de concreto reciclado con relaves polimetálicos de la mina Sayaatoc S.A
ubicada en el distrito Sayapullo, para el diseño de mezcla se empleó una proporción de
conglomerante híbrido (polvo de concreto reciclado + relave minero) y agregado fino de 1/2
(w/w), se empleó concreto reciclado y relave minero pulverizados en proporción 67/33 (w/w),
pasantes por malla N° 400, y arena gruesa como agregado fino. Con activador NaOH 9M, la
relación a/c (activador/conglomerante) fue de 0.45. Se adicionó en forma aleatoria fibras de
Furcraea Cabuya discontinuas de 1cm al 0, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 2 y 3 % en peso de conglomerante.
Finalmente, se caracterizaron de forma físico-química como mecánica mediante métodos SEM
EDS, FTIR y ensayos de compresión (ASTM C109) y flexión (ASTM C 348) a edades de 7,
14 y 28 días. Se obtuvo una resistencia a la compresión máxima de 24.20MPa con 1% de fibra
a 28 días de ensayo y una resistencia a la flexión máxima de 4.84MPa con 2% a 28 días de
ensayo. Concluyendo que a mayor % de fibra de cabuya se obtiene mayores resistencias
mecánicas y el 1 % de adición de fibra es óptimo para ambos ensayos.
Currently, Peru has 450 abandoned mines and more than 200 mines are operational, generating approximately 100 thousand tons of mining tailings daily. The tailings from abandoned and operating mines are a problem. If they are not stored correctly, the dam can collapse due to the oversaturation of tailings, which causes soil deterioration and river pollution. Therefore, in the present investigation, 50 x 50 x 50mm cubes and 40 x 40 x 160mm beams of recycled concrete were formed with polymetallic tailings from the Sayaatoc S.A mine located in the Sayapullo district. For the mix design, a proportion of hybrid binder (recycled concrete powder + mining tailings) and fine aggregate of 1/2 (w/w) was used, pulverized recycled concrete and mining tailings were used in a proportion of 67/33 (w/w), passing through mesh No. 400, and coarse sand as fine aggregate. With 9M NaOH activator, the w/c ratio (activator/binder) was 0.45. Discontinuous 1cm Furcraea Cabuya fibers were randomly added at 0, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 2 and 3% by weight of binder. Finally, they were characterized physically, chemically and mechanically by SEM-EDS, FTIR methods and compression tests (ASTM C109) and flexural tests (ASTM C 348) at ages of 7, 14 and 28 days. A maximum compressive strength of 24.20 MPa was obtained with 1% fiber at 28 days of testing and a maximum flexural strength of 4.84 MPa with 2% at 28 days of testing. Concluding that a higher % of cabuya fiber results in higher mechanical strengths and 1% fiber addition is optimal for both tests.
Currently, Peru has 450 abandoned mines and more than 200 mines are operational, generating approximately 100 thousand tons of mining tailings daily. The tailings from abandoned and operating mines are a problem. If they are not stored correctly, the dam can collapse due to the oversaturation of tailings, which causes soil deterioration and river pollution. Therefore, in the present investigation, 50 x 50 x 50mm cubes and 40 x 40 x 160mm beams of recycled concrete were formed with polymetallic tailings from the Sayaatoc S.A mine located in the Sayapullo district. For the mix design, a proportion of hybrid binder (recycled concrete powder + mining tailings) and fine aggregate of 1/2 (w/w) was used, pulverized recycled concrete and mining tailings were used in a proportion of 67/33 (w/w), passing through mesh No. 400, and coarse sand as fine aggregate. With 9M NaOH activator, the w/c ratio (activator/binder) was 0.45. Discontinuous 1cm Furcraea Cabuya fibers were randomly added at 0, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 2 and 3% by weight of binder. Finally, they were characterized physically, chemically and mechanically by SEM-EDS, FTIR methods and compression tests (ASTM C109) and flexural tests (ASTM C 348) at ages of 7, 14 and 28 days. A maximum compressive strength of 24.20 MPa was obtained with 1% fiber at 28 days of testing and a maximum flexural strength of 4.84 MPa with 2% at 28 days of testing. Concluding that a higher % of cabuya fiber results in higher mechanical strengths and 1% fiber addition is optimal for both tests.
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Keywords
TECHNOLOGY::Materials science