Biorremediación de agua y suelo contaminados por residuos orgánicos de petróleo en Iquitos
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El dinamismo de la economía en la Región Loreto es gracias a la explotación de petróleo, es una de las actividades que produce mayor contaminación resultado del uso intensivo del petróleo y sus derivados como fuente de energía, que están afectando a la calidad de suelo y agua. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la remoción de hidrocarburos totales en suelos y aguas contaminados con residuos de petróleo del área de influencia de la refinería Iquitos, empleando las técnicas de biorremediación Landfarming y aireación forzada. La metodología aplicada consistió en utilizar microorganismos nativos Pseudomonas sp aisladas en el área de estudio a muestras de agua y suelos tomadas del rio amazonas y de Barrio Florido respectivamente, así como las condiciones nutricionales para realizar su evaluación por 90 días, controlando parámetros de temperatura, humedad y pH. Los resultados muestran que la especie predominante es la Pseudomona sp y que las mejores dosis evaluadas fueron al 3% y 5% alcanzando valores de remoción máximos del 99.99% y 100 % usando de Ladfarming y aireación forzada, en muestras de suelo y agua respectivamente. Se concluye que Pseudomonas sp posee actividad de remoción de hidrocarburos en suelos
y agua por lo que constituye una alternativa a utilizar en los procesos de
biorremediación.
The dynamism of the economy in the Loreto Region is thanks to the exploitation of oil, it is one of the activities that produces the greatest pollution as a result of the intensive use of oil and its derivatives as a source of energy, which is affecting the quality of soil and water. The objective of the research was to evaluate the removal of total hydrocarbons in soils and waters contaminated with oil residues in the area of influence of the Iquitos refinery, using Landfarming bioremediation techniques and forced aeration. The applied methodology consisted of using native Pseudomonas sp microorganisms isolated in the study area to water and soil samples taken from the Amazon River and Barrio Florido respectively, as well as the nutritional conditions to carry out their evaluation for 90 days, controlling temperature parameters, humidity and pH. The results show that the predominant species is Pseudomona sp and that the best doses evaluated were 3% and 5%, reaching maximum removal values of 99.99% and 100% using Ladfarming and forced aeration, in soil and water samples respectively. It is concluded that Pseudomonas sp has hydrocarbon removal activity in soil and water, making it an alternative to use in bioremediation processes.
The dynamism of the economy in the Loreto Region is thanks to the exploitation of oil, it is one of the activities that produces the greatest pollution as a result of the intensive use of oil and its derivatives as a source of energy, which is affecting the quality of soil and water. The objective of the research was to evaluate the removal of total hydrocarbons in soils and waters contaminated with oil residues in the area of influence of the Iquitos refinery, using Landfarming bioremediation techniques and forced aeration. The applied methodology consisted of using native Pseudomonas sp microorganisms isolated in the study area to water and soil samples taken from the Amazon River and Barrio Florido respectively, as well as the nutritional conditions to carry out their evaluation for 90 days, controlling temperature parameters, humidity and pH. The results show that the predominant species is Pseudomona sp and that the best doses evaluated were 3% and 5%, reaching maximum removal values of 99.99% and 100% using Ladfarming and forced aeration, in soil and water samples respectively. It is concluded that Pseudomonas sp has hydrocarbon removal activity in soil and water, making it an alternative to use in bioremediation processes.
Description
Keywords
Residuos orgánicos
Contaminación
Agua
Petróleo