Manejo agronómico de Zea mays L. en Llaray, Santiago de Chuco, La Libertad
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Date
2021
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en los campos de los agricultores que siembran el cultivo de maíz, ubicados en el caserío de Llaray provincia de Santiago de Chuco, Región La Libertad. El objetivo fue conocer el Manejo agronómico de Zea mays L. en Llaray, Santiago de Chuco, La Libertad. los parámetros evaluados fueron: tipo de agricultura, variedad utilizada, características de la semilla utilizada, preparación del terreno, marco de plantación, cantidad de semilla utilizada, tipo de siembra, uniformidad de emergencia, labores culturales, rendimiento: entre otros, dichos datos fueron obtenidos mediante la aplicación de 20 encuestas a los agricultores que siembran maíz. se concluye que los agricultores de Llaray, practican una agricultura tradicional, cada campaña utilizan con mayor frecuencia su propia semilla de la cosecha anterior, la selección lo realizan después de la cosecha, con características como la sanidad de la mazorca, uniformidad de la mazorca y otros. No hacen tratamientos previos a la semilla, siembran y preparan el terreno con tracción animal (bueyes) la densidad de siembra es de 30 cm entre surco y 50 cm entre golpe sembrando 2 semillas por golpe. El control de malezas lo hacen mecánicamente utilizando la lampa. No hay presencia de plagas ni enfermedades en el cultivo de maíz que influyan en la cosecha. El rendimiento promedio de maíz. obtenido oscila entre 920kg/ha a 1380 kg/ha. Los costos de producción de maíz están en un promedio de 150 y 500 soles/ha.
ABSTRACT This research work was carried out in the fields of the farmers who sow the corn crop, located in the hamlet of Llaray province of Santiago de Chuco, La Libertad Region. The objective was to know the Agronomic Management of Zea mays L. in Llaray, Santiago de Chuco, La Libertad. The parameters evaluated were: type of agriculture, variety used, characteristics of the seed used, land preparation, planting frame, amount of seed used, type of planting, emergency uniformity, cultural work, yield: among others, these data were obtained by applying 20 surveys to farmers who plant corn. it is concluded that the farmers of Llaray, practice a traditional agriculture, each campaign more frequently use their own seed from the previous harvest, the selection is made after the harvest, with characteristics such as the health of the cob, uniformity of the cob and others. They do not do previous treatments to the seed, they sow and prepare the land with animal traction (oxen) the sowing density is 30 cm between furrow and 50 cm between blow sowing 2 seeds per blow. Weed control is done mechanically using the lamp. There is no presence of pests or diseases in the corn crop that influence the harvest.The average yield of corn obtained ranges from 920kg / ha to 1380kg / ha. Corn production costs average 150 and 500 soles / ha.
ABSTRACT This research work was carried out in the fields of the farmers who sow the corn crop, located in the hamlet of Llaray province of Santiago de Chuco, La Libertad Region. The objective was to know the Agronomic Management of Zea mays L. in Llaray, Santiago de Chuco, La Libertad. The parameters evaluated were: type of agriculture, variety used, characteristics of the seed used, land preparation, planting frame, amount of seed used, type of planting, emergency uniformity, cultural work, yield: among others, these data were obtained by applying 20 surveys to farmers who plant corn. it is concluded that the farmers of Llaray, practice a traditional agriculture, each campaign more frequently use their own seed from the previous harvest, the selection is made after the harvest, with characteristics such as the health of the cob, uniformity of the cob and others. They do not do previous treatments to the seed, they sow and prepare the land with animal traction (oxen) the sowing density is 30 cm between furrow and 50 cm between blow sowing 2 seeds per blow. Weed control is done mechanically using the lamp. There is no presence of pests or diseases in the corn crop that influence the harvest.The average yield of corn obtained ranges from 920kg / ha to 1380kg / ha. Corn production costs average 150 and 500 soles / ha.
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Keywords
Maíz amiláceo, Labores culturales, Rendimiento, Semilla, Fertilización