Influencia de la concentración de aloe vera y aislado proteico en un recubrimiento comestible sobre la calidad de mango fresco
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo principal evaluar la influencia de un recubrimiento natural, elaborado a partir de gel de aloe vera y aislado proteico de bazo vacuno, sobre la calidad del mango fresco de la variedad Kent. Las frutas climatéricas, como el mango (Mangifera indica), enfrentan considerables pérdidas durante la etapa postcosecha, lo que resalta la necesidad de explorar alternativas efectivas para su conservación. Para ello, se empleó un análisis de varianza multivariado de tres factores, y posterior a ello se aplicó ANOVA y ANOM para conocer el mejor tratamiento. Se calculó la media, desviación estándar y las diferencias significativas fueron determinadas a través del método de Tukey. Utilizando un nivel de significancia de p<0.05. El recubrimiento se formuló en diversas concentraciones, que variaron desde un 0% hasta un 6% de proteína extraída del bazo de vacuno, combinada con gel de aloe vera en proporciones del 20% al 60%. Se aplicó por aspersión en 12 tratamientos diferentes, todos sometidos a condiciones de refrigeración, incluyendo un testigo (sin recubrimiento) bajo las mismas condiciones. Se evaluaron parámetros como solidos solubles, pérdida de peso, pH, % de acidez titulable, firmeza y colorimetría de pulpa. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que los mangos tratados con un recubrimiento que contenía un 60% de gel de aloe vera y un 6% de proteína de bazo vacuno presentaron las mejores características de calidad. Estos mangos mostraron una menor pérdida de peso, una textura superior y un color más atractivo, además de mantener valores de solidos solubles y acidez similares a los de la muestra inicial antes del almacenamiento. Este estudio no solo proporciona evidencia de la efectividad del recubrimiento natural en la conservación de los atributos de calidad postcosecha del mango, sino que también ofrece una alternativa viable para reducir las pérdidas económicas asociadas con la fase posterior a la cosecha, beneficiando así a los productores de mango.
ABSTRACT The main objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of a natural coating, elaborated from aloe vera gel and beef spleen protein isolate, on the quality of fresh mango of the Kent variety. Climacteric fruits, such as mango (Mangifera indica), face considerable losses during the postharvest stage, which highlights the need to explore effective alternatives for their preservation. For this purpose, a three-factor multivariate analysis of variance was used, followed by ANOVA and ANOM to determine the best treatment. The mean, standard deviation and significant differences were calculated using Tukey's method. Using a significance level of p<0.05. The coating was formulated in different concentrations, which varied from 0% to 6% of protein extracted from bovine spleen, combined with aloe vera gel in proportions from 20% to 60%. It was spray-applied in 12 different treatments, all subjected to refrigerated conditions, including a control (uncoated) under the same conditions. Parameters such as soluble solids, weight loss, pH, % titratable acidity, firmness and pulp colorimetry were evaluated. The results obtained showed that mangoes treated with a coating containing 60% aloe vera gel and 6% bovine spleen protein presented the best quality characteristics. These mangoes showed less weight loss, superior texture and more attractive color, in addition to maintaining soluble solids and acidity values similar to those of the initial sample before storage. This study not only provides evidence of the effectiveness of natural coating in preserving mango postharvest quality attributes, but also offers a viable alternative to reduce economic losses associated with the postharvest phase, thus benefiting mango growers.
ABSTRACT The main objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of a natural coating, elaborated from aloe vera gel and beef spleen protein isolate, on the quality of fresh mango of the Kent variety. Climacteric fruits, such as mango (Mangifera indica), face considerable losses during the postharvest stage, which highlights the need to explore effective alternatives for their preservation. For this purpose, a three-factor multivariate analysis of variance was used, followed by ANOVA and ANOM to determine the best treatment. The mean, standard deviation and significant differences were calculated using Tukey's method. Using a significance level of p<0.05. The coating was formulated in different concentrations, which varied from 0% to 6% of protein extracted from bovine spleen, combined with aloe vera gel in proportions from 20% to 60%. It was spray-applied in 12 different treatments, all subjected to refrigerated conditions, including a control (uncoated) under the same conditions. Parameters such as soluble solids, weight loss, pH, % titratable acidity, firmness and pulp colorimetry were evaluated. The results obtained showed that mangoes treated with a coating containing 60% aloe vera gel and 6% bovine spleen protein presented the best quality characteristics. These mangoes showed less weight loss, superior texture and more attractive color, in addition to maintaining soluble solids and acidity values similar to those of the initial sample before storage. This study not only provides evidence of the effectiveness of natural coating in preserving mango postharvest quality attributes, but also offers a viable alternative to reduce economic losses associated with the postharvest phase, thus benefiting mango growers.
Description
Keywords
Mango, Recubrimiento natural, Gel de aloe vera, Calidad postcosecha, Proteína de bazo vacuno y conservación de frutas