Aplicación de metodología de Holmberg para optimizar la perforación y voladura en la cortada sureste de la unidad minera Pumanungo
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Date
2023-09
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo optimizar la perforación y voladura
aplicando la metodología de Holmberg en la cortada sureste de la unidad minera
Pumanungo de la empresa Exploraciones del Norte S.A.C.; diseñando una malla de
perforación de sección de labor de 3.50 m x 3.00 m. que permitió reducir la cantidad de
taladros, explosivos y su factor de carga, aumentar eficiencia de avances lineales y reducir
costos de avance lineal.
Su metodología de investigación de enfoque cuantitativa, tipo aplicada, nivel
comparativo y de diseño cuasiexperimental, basada en sus objetivos. La muestra de
estudio fue de 46 datos de antes y 46 después del diseño de la nueva malla de perforación
y voladura para disparos de 6 pies y con máquina Jackleg, considerando criterios
geomecánicos.
Se obtuvo como resultados reducción de 75 a 65 taladros y explosivos emulnor
de 54.60 kg a 42.20 kg con los diseños de malla de perforación y voladura. Su factor de
carga disminuyó de 3.74 kg/m3 a 2.75 kg/m3. El avance lineal mejoró de 1.48 m a 1.58
m, logrando eficiencias por disparo de 89.7% a 95.84%. Además, su costo lineal redujo
de S/. 3570.59/m a S/. 3147.81/m.
Se concluye la reducción de taladros en un 13.3% y carga explosiva de 22.3%;
además, su factor de carga disminuyó de 26.47%, controlando sobre rotura en hastiales y
corona. También, alcanzó un 95.84% de eficiencia por disparo cumpliendo con el plan
mensual, incrementando su avance lineal en 6.76% y su costo lineal disminuyó en un
11.84%.
The objective of this study was to optimize drilling and blasting by applying the Holmberg methodology in the southeast cut of the Pumanungo mining unit of the company Exploraciones del Norte S.A.C.; designing a perforation mesh with a work section of 3.50 m x 3.00 m. which allowed reducing the number of drills, explosives and their load factor, increasing efficiency of linear advances and reducing costs of linear advance. Its research methodology of quantitative approach, applied type, comparative level and quasi-experimental design, based on its objectives. The study sample consisted of 46 data from before and 46 after the design of the new drilling and blasting mesh for 6-foot shots and with a Jackleg machine, considering geomechanical criteria. The results obtained were a reduction from 75 to 65 drills and emulnor explosives from 54.60 kg to 42.20 kg with the drilling and blasting mesh designs. Its load factor decreased from 3.74 kg/m3 to 2.75 kg/m3. Linear advance improved from 1.48m to 1.58m, achieving efficiencies per shot from 89.7% to 95.84%. In addition, its linear cost decreased from S/. 3570.59/m to S/. 3147.81/m. The reduction of drills by 13.3% and explosive charge of 22.3% is concluded; In addition, its load factor decreased from 26.47%, controlling for breakage in gables and crown. Also, it reached 95.84% efficiency per shot, complying with the monthly plan, increasing its linear advance by 6.76% and its linear cost decreased by 11.84%.
The objective of this study was to optimize drilling and blasting by applying the Holmberg methodology in the southeast cut of the Pumanungo mining unit of the company Exploraciones del Norte S.A.C.; designing a perforation mesh with a work section of 3.50 m x 3.00 m. which allowed reducing the number of drills, explosives and their load factor, increasing efficiency of linear advances and reducing costs of linear advance. Its research methodology of quantitative approach, applied type, comparative level and quasi-experimental design, based on its objectives. The study sample consisted of 46 data from before and 46 after the design of the new drilling and blasting mesh for 6-foot shots and with a Jackleg machine, considering geomechanical criteria. The results obtained were a reduction from 75 to 65 drills and emulnor explosives from 54.60 kg to 42.20 kg with the drilling and blasting mesh designs. Its load factor decreased from 3.74 kg/m3 to 2.75 kg/m3. Linear advance improved from 1.48m to 1.58m, achieving efficiencies per shot from 89.7% to 95.84%. In addition, its linear cost decreased from S/. 3570.59/m to S/. 3147.81/m. The reduction of drills by 13.3% and explosive charge of 22.3% is concluded; In addition, its load factor decreased from 26.47%, controlling for breakage in gables and crown. Also, it reached 95.84% efficiency per shot, complying with the monthly plan, increasing its linear advance by 6.76% and its linear cost decreased by 11.84%.
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TECHNOLOGY::Engineering physics::Other engineering physics