Optimización de la productividad en el tajo 520 sur aplicando la malla de perforación y voladura rectangular Unidad Marañón Poderosa
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Date
2024-04
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Este estudio se enfocó en optimizar la productividad del tajo y operaciones unitarias. La
metodología utilizada fue de tipo aplicada mediante un diseño cuasiexperimental de naturaleza
correlacional y la recopilación de datos se basó en la observación y registros tabulares. Se
implemento una malla rectangular en perforación, y en voladura se reemplazó de explosivo
(emulsión) de Emulnor 3000 a 1000, lo cual influye en la productividad de las demás operaciones
producto de aplicar la malla rectangular optimizada mediante el modelo matemático de Richard
Ash el cual considera una roca de baja calidad geomecánica (RMR=40) en su diseño donde se
realizan 170 disparos durante tres meses. Se midió la optimización de la productividad
considerando toneladas extraídas y recursos utilizados (hombres, tiempos, taladros, explosivo,
cuadros) en unidades específicas de cada operación como en perforación (tn/taladro), voladura el
factor de potencia (kg/tn), carga (kg/tn) y energía (MJ/tn) limpieza y acarreo (tn/hr) y
sostenimiento (cuadros/guardia) y para medir la productividad del tajo se utiliza el rendimiento de
producción en unidades (tn/hombre-guardia). Resultando en un incremento del 38%, alcanzando
5,75 tn/hombre-guardia desde 4,18 tn/hombre-guardia. Además, se logró un ahorro en los costos
del ciclo de minado de 4,54 $/tn, representando una reducción del 8% desde un valor máximo de
60,22 $/tn hasta un valor promedio de 55,68 $/tn durante los tres meses antes y después de
implementar la malla rectangular.
This study focused on optimizing pit productivity and unit operations. The methodology used was applied through a quasi-experimental design of a correlational nature and data collection was based on observation and tabular records. A rectangular mesh was implemented in drilling, and in blasting the explosive (emulsion) was replaced from Emulnor 3000 to Emulnor 1000, which influences the productivity of the other operations as a result of applying the rectangular mesh optimized through the mathematical model of Richard Ash. which considers a rock of low geomechanical quality (RMR=40) in its design where 170 shots are made for three months. The optimization of productivity was measured considering tons extracted and resources used (men, times, drills, explosives, tables) in specific units of each operation such as drilling (tn/drill), blasting, power factor (kg/tn), load (kg/tn) and energy (MJ/tn), cleaning and hauling (tn/hr) and maintenance (cadres/guard) and to measure the productivity of the pit, production performance is used in units (tn/man-guard). Resulting in an increase of 38%, reaching 5,75 tn/man-guard from 4.18 tn/man-guard. In addition, a saving in mining cycle costs of 4,54 $/tn was achieved, representing an 8% reduction from a maximum value of 60,22 $/tn to an average value 55,68$/tn during the three months before and after implementing the rectangular mesh
This study focused on optimizing pit productivity and unit operations. The methodology used was applied through a quasi-experimental design of a correlational nature and data collection was based on observation and tabular records. A rectangular mesh was implemented in drilling, and in blasting the explosive (emulsion) was replaced from Emulnor 3000 to Emulnor 1000, which influences the productivity of the other operations as a result of applying the rectangular mesh optimized through the mathematical model of Richard Ash. which considers a rock of low geomechanical quality (RMR=40) in its design where 170 shots are made for three months. The optimization of productivity was measured considering tons extracted and resources used (men, times, drills, explosives, tables) in specific units of each operation such as drilling (tn/drill), blasting, power factor (kg/tn), load (kg/tn) and energy (MJ/tn), cleaning and hauling (tn/hr) and maintenance (cadres/guard) and to measure the productivity of the pit, production performance is used in units (tn/man-guard). Resulting in an increase of 38%, reaching 5,75 tn/man-guard from 4.18 tn/man-guard. In addition, a saving in mining cycle costs of 4,54 $/tn was achieved, representing an 8% reduction from a maximum value of 60,22 $/tn to an average value 55,68$/tn during the three months before and after implementing the rectangular mesh
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TECHNOLOGY::Civil engineering and architecture::Geoengineering and mining engineering::Mining engineering