FLORA MEDICINAL EXPENDIDA EN LOS PRINCIPALES MERCADOS DEL DISTRITO EL PORVENIR, TRUJILLO, LA LIBERTAD, PERÚ, 2023
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Date
2025
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La investigación aborda la diversidad y el uso tradicional de la flora medicinal expendida en los mercados del distrito El Porvenir, Trujillo, Perú, durante 2023. Se empleó una metodología combinada de análisis taxonómico y etnobotánico, mediante entrevistas aplicadas a vendedores de los mercados “Modelo Alto Trujillo”, “Los Portales”, “Santa Rosa” y “Miguel Grau”. La determinación taxonómica se realizó comparando los especímenes colectados con aquellos depositados en el Herbarium Truxillense (H.U.T.) de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, considerando que el material colectado frecuentemente carecía de los estándares oficiales de herborización. Además, se utilizaron bases de datos internacionales como Trópicos e IPNI para garantizar la actualización y precisión de la información científica. Se identificaron 35 especies medicinales pertenecientes a 35 géneros y 22 familias, siendo Lamiaceae y Asteraceae las más representativas con 9 y 4 especies, respectivamente. Para cada especie se documentaron aspectos como familia, nombre científico, nombres comunes, hábito, partes utilizadas, tipos de preparados, formas de aplicación y usos medicinales. El análisis etnobotánico reveló que las hojas son la parte más utilizada (62 %), seguidas por el tallo (14 %), flores (8 %), ramas (8 %), planta completa (6 %) y raíz (2 %). Asimismo, se calculó el Índice de Valor de Uso (IVU) de cada especie, reflejando su importancia cultural y funcional en la medicina tradicional local. Este estudio evidencia la riqueza de conocimientos etnobotánicos en las comunidades locales y destaca la diversidad de especies expendidas en los mercados de El Porvenir. Los resultados subrayan la importancia de preservar este patrimonio biocultural como base para la formulación de políticas de conservación y el aprovechamiento sostenible de los recursos fitoterapéuticos. Además, se constituye en un aporte significativo para futuras investigaciones en los campos de la etnobotánica y la farmacología
The research addresses the diversity and traditional use of medicinal flora sold in the markets of El Porvenir district, Trujillo, Peru, during 2023. A combined methodology of taxonomic and ethnobotanical analysis was used, through interviews with vendors of the markets “Modelo Alto Trujillo”, “Los Portales”, “Santa Rosa” and “Miguel Grau”. Taxonomic determination was made by comparing the collected specimens with those deposited in the Herbarium Truxillense (H.U.T.) of the Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, considering that the collected material frequently lacked the official standards of herborization. In addition, international databases such as Trópicos and IPNI were used to guarantee the updating and accuracy of the scientific information. Thirty-five medicinal species belonging to 35 genera and 22 families were identified, being Lamiaceae and Asteraceae the most representative with 9 and 4 species, respectively. For each species, aspects such as family, scientific name, common names, habit, parts used, types of preparations, forms of application and medicinal uses were documented. The ethnobotanical analysis revealed that the leaves are the most used part (62 %), followed by the stem (14 %), flowers (8 %), branches (8 %), whole plant (6 %) and root (2 %). The Use Value Index (UVI) of each species was also calculated, reflecting its cultural and functional importance in local traditional medicine. This study demonstrates the wealth of ethnobotanical knowledge in local communities and highlights the diversity of species sold in the markets of El Porvenir. The results underline the importance of preserving this biocultural heritage as a basis for the formulation of conservation policies and the sustainable use of phytotherapeutic resources. In addition, it constitutes a significant contribution for future research in the fields of ethnobotany and pharmacology.
The research addresses the diversity and traditional use of medicinal flora sold in the markets of El Porvenir district, Trujillo, Peru, during 2023. A combined methodology of taxonomic and ethnobotanical analysis was used, through interviews with vendors of the markets “Modelo Alto Trujillo”, “Los Portales”, “Santa Rosa” and “Miguel Grau”. Taxonomic determination was made by comparing the collected specimens with those deposited in the Herbarium Truxillense (H.U.T.) of the Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, considering that the collected material frequently lacked the official standards of herborization. In addition, international databases such as Trópicos and IPNI were used to guarantee the updating and accuracy of the scientific information. Thirty-five medicinal species belonging to 35 genera and 22 families were identified, being Lamiaceae and Asteraceae the most representative with 9 and 4 species, respectively. For each species, aspects such as family, scientific name, common names, habit, parts used, types of preparations, forms of application and medicinal uses were documented. The ethnobotanical analysis revealed that the leaves are the most used part (62 %), followed by the stem (14 %), flowers (8 %), branches (8 %), whole plant (6 %) and root (2 %). The Use Value Index (UVI) of each species was also calculated, reflecting its cultural and functional importance in local traditional medicine. This study demonstrates the wealth of ethnobotanical knowledge in local communities and highlights the diversity of species sold in the markets of El Porvenir. The results underline the importance of preserving this biocultural heritage as a basis for the formulation of conservation policies and the sustainable use of phytotherapeutic resources. In addition, it constitutes a significant contribution for future research in the fields of ethnobotany and pharmacology.
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Keywords
Plantas medicinales, Etnobotánica, Biodiversidad, Medicina tradicional, El Porvenir.