Evaluación de la actividad anestésica local de extractos brutos y del aceite esencial extraídos de Ottonia anisum
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Date
2022
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El uso de las hojas de Ottonia anisum en la medicina popular para el alivio de la odontalgia, motivó el estudio de la actividad anestésica local (AL) de los extractos brutos, metanólico (OAF-MeOH) y hexánico (OAF-PH) y del aceite esencial (OAF-01). Modelos clásicos in vivo fueron usados en este estudio. Inyección intradérmica (3%) de OAF-MeOH y OAF-PH y del aceite esencial OAF-01 en cobayas causó anestesia de 325,8 ± 5,4 (n= 6), 262,8 ± 2,4 (n= 6) y 1658,4 ± 35,4 min (n= 6), respectivamente. Es importante resaltar, el hecho de que la duración de la anestesia causada por el OAF-01 (3%) fue 14 veces mayor al de la lidocaína (3%) (119,2 ± 3,1 min, n= 6), anestésico usado como control positivo. La instilación de OAF-01 (0,005 y 0,01%, n= 4) en el globo ocular de conejos anestesió la córnea durante 18,8 ± 1,0 y 72,0 ± 1,5 min, respectivamente, superior (P<0,05) a la lidocaína (11,8 ± 1,4 y 40,8 ± 0,9 min, n= 4), respectivamente. Masajes con OAF- PH y OAF-01 (2%) (n= 6) durante 15 s anestesió la gingiva de cobayos durante 55,3 ± 2,9 y 249,6 ± 2,4 min, respectivamente, mayor (P<0,01) al de la lidocaína (2%) (23,1 ± 1,0 min, n= 6). Administración intratecal de OAF-01 (0,5%) y lidocaína (0,5%) en cobayos bloquearon las fibras sensitivas durante 44,3 ± 6,5 y 11,6 ± 0,3 min, respectivamente (P<0,001). La actividad antinociceptiva medida en placa caliente puede ser demostrada con el OAF-MeOH (15 mg.kg-1 i.p.) más, no con el OAF-01. Este estudio mostró una potente actividad anestésica local de los extractos OAF-MeOH y OAF-PH y del aceite esencial OAF-01 extraídas de las hojas de Ottonia anisum con acción selectiva en fibras nerviosas sensitivas.
ABSTRACT The use of leaves of Ottonia anisum in popular medicine for the relief of toothache motivated the study of the local anesthetic activity (LA) of the crude methanolic extracts (OAF-MeOH) and crude hexanic extracts (OAF-PH) and the essential oil (OAF-01). Classical in vivo models were used in this study. Intradermal injection (3%) of OAF-MeOH and OAF-PH and essential oil OAF-01 in guinea pigs caused anesthesia for 325.8 ± 5.4 (n= 6), 262.8 ± 2.4 (n= 6) and 1658.4 ± 35.4 min (n=6), respectively. It is important to highlight the fact that the duration of anesthesia caused by OAF-01 (3%) was about 14 times greater than that of lidocaine (3%) (119.2 ± 3.1 min, n= 6), anesthetic used as positive control. Instillation of OAF-01 (0.005 and 0.01%, n= 4) into the eyeball of rabbits anesthetized the cornea for 18.8 ± 1.0 and 72.0 ± 1.5 min, respectively, higher (P<0.05) to lidocaine (11.8 ± 1.4 min, and 40.8 ± 0.9 min, n= 4), respectively. Massages with OAF-PH and OAF-01 (2%) (n=6) for 15 s, anesthetized the gingiva of guinea pigs for 55.3 ± 2.9 (n= 6) and 249.6 ± 2.4 min, respectively, longer (P<0.01) to that of lidocaine (2%) (23.1 ± 1.0 min, n= 6). Intrathecal administration of OAF-01 (0.5%) and lidocaine (0.5%) in guinea pigs blocked sensory fibers for 44.3 ± 6.5 and 11.6 ± 0.3 min, respectively (P<0.001). The antinociceptive activity measured in the hot plate model was demonstrated with OAF-MeOH (15 mg.kg-1 i.p.) but, not with OAF-01. This study demonstrated a potent local anesthetic activity of the extracts OAF-MeOH and OAF-PH and essential oil OAF-01 extracted from leaves of Ottonia anisum with selective action on sensory nerve fibers.
ABSTRACT The use of leaves of Ottonia anisum in popular medicine for the relief of toothache motivated the study of the local anesthetic activity (LA) of the crude methanolic extracts (OAF-MeOH) and crude hexanic extracts (OAF-PH) and the essential oil (OAF-01). Classical in vivo models were used in this study. Intradermal injection (3%) of OAF-MeOH and OAF-PH and essential oil OAF-01 in guinea pigs caused anesthesia for 325.8 ± 5.4 (n= 6), 262.8 ± 2.4 (n= 6) and 1658.4 ± 35.4 min (n=6), respectively. It is important to highlight the fact that the duration of anesthesia caused by OAF-01 (3%) was about 14 times greater than that of lidocaine (3%) (119.2 ± 3.1 min, n= 6), anesthetic used as positive control. Instillation of OAF-01 (0.005 and 0.01%, n= 4) into the eyeball of rabbits anesthetized the cornea for 18.8 ± 1.0 and 72.0 ± 1.5 min, respectively, higher (P<0.05) to lidocaine (11.8 ± 1.4 min, and 40.8 ± 0.9 min, n= 4), respectively. Massages with OAF-PH and OAF-01 (2%) (n=6) for 15 s, anesthetized the gingiva of guinea pigs for 55.3 ± 2.9 (n= 6) and 249.6 ± 2.4 min, respectively, longer (P<0.01) to that of lidocaine (2%) (23.1 ± 1.0 min, n= 6). Intrathecal administration of OAF-01 (0.5%) and lidocaine (0.5%) in guinea pigs blocked sensory fibers for 44.3 ± 6.5 and 11.6 ± 0.3 min, respectively (P<0.001). The antinociceptive activity measured in the hot plate model was demonstrated with OAF-MeOH (15 mg.kg-1 i.p.) but, not with OAF-01. This study demonstrated a potent local anesthetic activity of the extracts OAF-MeOH and OAF-PH and essential oil OAF-01 extracted from leaves of Ottonia anisum with selective action on sensory nerve fibers.
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Keywords
Ottonia anisum, Anestésico local, Fibras nerviosas sensitivas, Fibras nerviosas motoras.