Factores de riesgo asociados a vómitos postoperatorios en pacientes pediátricos
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Date
2024-09-16
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Determinar si el grupo etario, el tipo de cirugía, el tiempo operatorio prolongado, el uso de opioides y el uso de dexametasona son factores de riesgo asociados a vómitos postoperatorios en pacientes pediátricos atendidos en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo periodo 2020 a 2023.
Metodología: Es un estudio analítico, longitudinal de casos y controles, de corte retrospectiva. Ingresarán al estudio los pacientes pediátricos entre 5 y 15 años de edad, atendidos en el Departamento de Anestesiología del Hospital Belén de Trujillo durante el periodo 2020 a 2023. Por muestreo aleatorio simple se seleccionará 40 pacientes en el grupo de casos, que corresponderá a los que presentaron vómitos postoperatorios 30 minutos después de culminada la cirugía; y 80 pacientes en el grupo de controles, que corresponde a los que no presentaron vómitos. Se excluirán a los pacientes con hepatopatía crónica, enfermedad renal crónica, neoplasias, hipotiroidismo y consumidores de corticoides. Se realizará la identificación de los factores de riesgo propuestos en el problema de estudio, según la información registrada en la historia clínica; además de las variables intervinientes y luego se registrará toda la información en la hoja de recolección de datos. En el análisis estadístico se hará uso de la prueba Chi Cuadrado (X2) se considerará significancia si la posibilidad de equivocarse es menor al 5% (p < 0.05). El estadígrafo que se utilizará será el odds ratios con sus intervalos de confianza al 95%.
Palabras clave: vómitos postoperatorios, pediátricos
Abstract To determine whether age group, type of surgery, prolonged operating time, opioid use, and dexamethasone use are risk factors associated with postoperative vomiting in pediatric patients treated at the Belén de Trujillo Hospital from 2020 to 2023. Methodology: This is an analytical, longitudinal, retrospective case-control study. Pediatric patients between 5 and 15 years of age, treated in the Anesthesiology Department of the Belén de Trujillo Hospital during the period 2020 to 2023, will be included in the study. By simple random sampling, 40 patients will be selected in the case group, which will correspond to those who presented postoperative vomiting 30 minutes after the completion of surgery; and 80 patients in the control group, which corresponds to those who did not present vomiting. Patients with chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, neoplasia, hypothyroidism and corticosteroid users will be excluded. The risk factors proposed in the study problem will be identified, according to the information recorded in the clinical history; in addition to the intervening variables, and then all the information will be recorded in the data collection sheet. In the statistical analysis, the Chi Square test (X2) will be used; significance will be considered if the possibility of being wrong is less than 5% (p < 0.05). The statistician to be used will be the odds ratio with its 95% confidence intervals.
Abstract To determine whether age group, type of surgery, prolonged operating time, opioid use, and dexamethasone use are risk factors associated with postoperative vomiting in pediatric patients treated at the Belén de Trujillo Hospital from 2020 to 2023. Methodology: This is an analytical, longitudinal, retrospective case-control study. Pediatric patients between 5 and 15 years of age, treated in the Anesthesiology Department of the Belén de Trujillo Hospital during the period 2020 to 2023, will be included in the study. By simple random sampling, 40 patients will be selected in the case group, which will correspond to those who presented postoperative vomiting 30 minutes after the completion of surgery; and 80 patients in the control group, which corresponds to those who did not present vomiting. Patients with chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, neoplasia, hypothyroidism and corticosteroid users will be excluded. The risk factors proposed in the study problem will be identified, according to the information recorded in the clinical history; in addition to the intervening variables, and then all the information will be recorded in the data collection sheet. In the statistical analysis, the Chi Square test (X2) will be used; significance will be considered if the possibility of being wrong is less than 5% (p < 0.05). The statistician to be used will be the odds ratio with its 95% confidence intervals.
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Keywords
Vómitos Postoperatorios, Pediátricos, Anestesiología