Análisis de alternativa de automatización vía cable y radio de 62,50 has. de arándano (Vaccinium myrtillus), estación 3 lote 7 D11, irrigación CHAVIMOCHIC
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Date
2022
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La agricultura en el país se ha vuelto un punto de auge económico muy grande en los últimos años no solo generando mano de obra sino también mostrando un nuevo rostro hacia otros países, sirviendo como ventana de apertura hacia nuestra tierra y cultura. Todo ello incitó a que el sector agrario busque nuevos métodos de cómo ser eficientes en sus producciones, siendo el riego una de las áreas en las cuales la tecnología influyó grandemente en su crecimiento.
La automatización del riego se ha convertido en un punto el cual se analiza de manera minuciosa ya que es el que nos permite un ahorro considerable de recursos. La presente tesis tiene como objetivo: Realizar el análisis comparativo de la automatización vía cable y radio de 62,50 has de Arándano (Vaccinium myrtillus), estación 3 del lote 7 DII, irrigación Chavimochic, y para lo cual es necesario plantear un diseño de todo el sistema de riego en el predio partiendo desde el diseño agronómico, hidráulico, fertilización, automatización hasta el cálculo de los costos del proyecto. Se consideró realizar el diseño de la automatización 62,50 has de arándano en dos diferentes propuestas, vía cable y vía radio, teniendo para ambos casos el mismo diseño hidráulico. Para el caso de la automatización vía cable se consideró utilizar cable NYY y colocar sus puntos a tierra los cuales son necesarios en este tipo de automatización. Para el caso de la automatización vía radio se consideró paneles solares policristalinos de 5 W los cuales generan energía solas que alimenta las RTUs RF. El costo total del diseño del sistema de riego usando la automatización vía cable es de $ 705 117,69 mientras que usando la automatización vía radio es de $ 708 753,26 siendo el segundo mencionado un 0,5 % más caro con respecto al primero. Ahora considerando el costo beneficio, la automatización vía radio nos da apertura a una posible expansión de terrenos además de ser una tecnología más moderna y nos brinda más facilidades en cuanto a la trata de información.
ABSTRACT Agriculture in the country has become a very large economic boom point in recent years, not only generated labor appears but also showing a new face towards other countries, serving as an opening window towards our land and culture. All this prompted the agricultural sector to seek new methods of how to be efficient in its productions, irrigation being one of the areas in which technology greatly influenced its growth. The automation of irrigation has become a point which is analyzed in detail since it is what allows us to save considerable resources. The objective of this thesis is: To carry out the comparative analysis of the automation via cable and radius of 62,50 has of Blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus), station 3 of lot 7 DII, Chavimochic irrigation, and for which it is necessary to propose a design of the station irrigation system from the agronomic, hydraulic, fertilization, automation design to the calculation of the project costs. It was considered to carry out the design of the automation of 62,50 has of blueberries in two different proposals, via cable and via radio, having the same hydraulic design for both cases. In the case of automation via cable, it will be necessary to use NYY cable and place its ground points, which are necessary in this type of automation. In the case of automation via radio, 5W polycrystalline solar panels will be considered, which generate energy by themselves that feed the RF RTUs. The total cost of the design of the irrigation system using automation via cable is $ 705 117,69 while using automation via radio is $ 708 753,26 the latter being 0.5 % more expensive than the former. Now considering the cost benefit, automation via radio gives us an opening to a possible expansion of land as well as being a more modern technology and provides us with more facilities in terms of information processing.
ABSTRACT Agriculture in the country has become a very large economic boom point in recent years, not only generated labor appears but also showing a new face towards other countries, serving as an opening window towards our land and culture. All this prompted the agricultural sector to seek new methods of how to be efficient in its productions, irrigation being one of the areas in which technology greatly influenced its growth. The automation of irrigation has become a point which is analyzed in detail since it is what allows us to save considerable resources. The objective of this thesis is: To carry out the comparative analysis of the automation via cable and radius of 62,50 has of Blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus), station 3 of lot 7 DII, Chavimochic irrigation, and for which it is necessary to propose a design of the station irrigation system from the agronomic, hydraulic, fertilization, automation design to the calculation of the project costs. It was considered to carry out the design of the automation of 62,50 has of blueberries in two different proposals, via cable and via radio, having the same hydraulic design for both cases. In the case of automation via cable, it will be necessary to use NYY cable and place its ground points, which are necessary in this type of automation. In the case of automation via radio, 5W polycrystalline solar panels will be considered, which generate energy by themselves that feed the RF RTUs. The total cost of the design of the irrigation system using automation via cable is $ 705 117,69 while using automation via radio is $ 708 753,26 the latter being 0.5 % more expensive than the former. Now considering the cost benefit, automation via radio gives us an opening to a possible expansion of land as well as being a more modern technology and provides us with more facilities in terms of information processing.
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Keywords
Agricultura, Riego, Tecnología electrónica