El delito precedente y su relación con el delito de lavado de activos
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Date
2020
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Debido a las controversias causadas en los últimos años, originadas por las diversas publicaciones e interpretaciones tanto de doctrina como de leyes respecto a la autonomía del delito de lavado de activos, el presente trabajo de investigación se ha motivado y centrado en el estudio de la estrecha vinculación existente entre el delito de lavado de activos y el delito precedente o delito previo que lo origina con el fin de esclarecer aspectos relacionados a la tipificación y definición del delito de lavado de activos en el Perú. Asimismo, a causa de los altos índices de criminalidad se ha venido exigiendo una legislación aún más represiva, por eso uno de los principales objetivos de esta investigación es analizar la problemática social para probar porque en nuestro país no se puede configurar a este delito como un delito autónomo, y proponer una reforma jurídica y la imperiosa necesidad de tener leyes acordes a nuestra realidad. La presente investigación se ha realizado bajo el enfoque cualitativo, el abordaje del presente estudio se ha realizado mediante un diseño ad-hoc, al que hemos denominado de tipo Circular, que integra instrumentos cualitativos que permiten tanto relevar información de lo actuado y sus efectos, como recoger la visión, análisis, opinión, perspectiva y sugerencias de todos los actores vinculados, así como del entorno donde este interactúa. Mediante análisis de casos y de doctrina, legislación comparada y entrevistas realizadas a diferentes juristas y abogados especialistas en el tema se ha demostrado que el delito de lavado de activos no es un delito autónomo, y que a fin de salvaguardar las garantías y principios del Derecho penal de un Estado Constitucional y democrático, garantizando un debido proceso sin vulnerar los derechos de las personas y sobretodo contribuyendo a una verdadera lucha eficaz contra el lavado de activos es necesaria su vinculación inherente al delito precedente.
ABSTRACT Due to the controversies caused in recent years, originated by the various publications and interpretations of both doctrine and laws regarding the autonomy of the crime of money laundering, this research work has been motivated and focused on the study of the narrow existing link between the crime of money laundering and the preceding crime or previous crime that originates it in order to clarify aspects related to the classification and definition of the crime of money laundering in Peru. Likewise, due to the high crime rates, even more repressive legislation has been demanded,for this reason one of the main objectives of this research is to analyze the social problem to prove why in our country this crime cannot be configured as a autonomous crime, and propose a legal reform and the urgent need to have laws in line with our reality. The present investigation has been carried out under the qualitative approach, the approach of the present study has been carried out through an ad-hoc design, which we have called the Circular type, which integrates qualitative instruments that allow both to collect information on the actions and their effects, how to collect the vision, analysis, opinion, perspective and suggestions of all the related actors, as well as the invironment where it interacts. Through analysis of cases and doctrine, comparative legislation and interviews with different jurists and lawyers especialized in the subject, it has been shown that the crime of money laundering is not an autonomous crime, and that in order to safeguard the guarantees and principles of the Law criminal law of a Constitutional and semocratic State, guaranteeing due process without violating the rights of people and above all contributing to a truly effective fight against money laundering, its inherent link to the preceding crime is necessary. In this research, the problematic reality is first reported where the origin of the regulation of the crime of money laundering is explained both at the international and national level, it also narrates how the laws have been given throughout history. We have analyzed the jurisprudence given in the country regarding the crime of money laundering and how it has influenced the fight against this crime, in addition to the controversies that have been generated by stating that this is an autonomous crime, but only materially and not ubstantive,generating this debates between important jurists and prominent criminal lawyers.
ABSTRACT Due to the controversies caused in recent years, originated by the various publications and interpretations of both doctrine and laws regarding the autonomy of the crime of money laundering, this research work has been motivated and focused on the study of the narrow existing link between the crime of money laundering and the preceding crime or previous crime that originates it in order to clarify aspects related to the classification and definition of the crime of money laundering in Peru. Likewise, due to the high crime rates, even more repressive legislation has been demanded,for this reason one of the main objectives of this research is to analyze the social problem to prove why in our country this crime cannot be configured as a autonomous crime, and propose a legal reform and the urgent need to have laws in line with our reality. The present investigation has been carried out under the qualitative approach, the approach of the present study has been carried out through an ad-hoc design, which we have called the Circular type, which integrates qualitative instruments that allow both to collect information on the actions and their effects, how to collect the vision, analysis, opinion, perspective and suggestions of all the related actors, as well as the invironment where it interacts. Through analysis of cases and doctrine, comparative legislation and interviews with different jurists and lawyers especialized in the subject, it has been shown that the crime of money laundering is not an autonomous crime, and that in order to safeguard the guarantees and principles of the Law criminal law of a Constitutional and semocratic State, guaranteeing due process without violating the rights of people and above all contributing to a truly effective fight against money laundering, its inherent link to the preceding crime is necessary. In this research, the problematic reality is first reported where the origin of the regulation of the crime of money laundering is explained both at the international and national level, it also narrates how the laws have been given throughout history. We have analyzed the jurisprudence given in the country regarding the crime of money laundering and how it has influenced the fight against this crime, in addition to the controversies that have been generated by stating that this is an autonomous crime, but only materially and not ubstantive,generating this debates between important jurists and prominent criminal lawyers.
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Keywords
Autonomía, Delito previo, Naturaleza jurídica, Debido proceso