El gasto público social y el índice de desarrollo humano en el departamento de Cajamarca, 2003 - 2021
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la incidencia del gasto público social (GPS)
sobre el índice de desarrollo humano (IDH) en el departamento de Cajamarca en el periodo
2003 – 2021, adoptando un enfoque descriptivo y explicativo, con un diseño de la
investigación no experimental y longitudinal. Los datos para los indicadores se obtuvieron
de fuentes estadísticas oficiales como el INEI, MEF, BCRP y el IPE, y se procesaron
utilizando herramientas como MS Excel, SPSS v25 y Eviews v10. Los resultados principales
revelaron que, durante el periodo analizado, el IDH experimentó un crecimiento de 58.1%,
con mejoras importantes en la esperanza de vida, educación e ingresos. El GPS real per
cápita aumentó 293.2%, desde el 2017 representa las dos terceras partes del gasto público
de Cajamarca, con un enfoque destacado en el ámbito educativo. Además, se evidenció
relaciones positivas y significativas entre el IDH con el gasto en educación (r=0.929,
p=0.000), con el gasto en salud (r=0.964, p=0.000), con el gasto en protección y previsión
social (r=0.766, p=0.000) y con el GPS (r=0.944, p=0.000). La influencia del GPS en el IDH
está respaldada por una estimación de un modelo econométrico con un coeficiente de
determinación (R2
) de 0.9586, además, la ecuación determinó que por cada sol (S/) de GPS
per cápita, el IDH aumenta 7.78𝑥10−5
. En conclusión, el estudio resalta la importancia del
GPS como un elemento fundamental que incide en el desarrollo humano en Cajamarca
durante el periodo estudiado.
The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of public social spending (GPS) on the human development index (HDI) in the department of Cajamarca in the period 2003- 2021, adopting a descriptive and explanatory approach, with a research design nonexperimental and longitudinal. The data for the indicators were obtained from official statistical sources such as the INEI, MEF, BCRP and IPE, and were processed using tools such as MS Excel, SPSS v25 and Eviews v10. The main results revealed that, during the period analyzed, the HDI experienced a growth of 58.1%, with significant improvements in life expectancy, education and income. The real GPS per capita increased 293.2%, since 2017 it represents two thirds of Cajamarca's public spending, with a notable focus on the educational field. Furthermore, positive and significant relationships were evident between the HDI with spending on education (r=0.929, p=0.000), with spending on health (r=0.964, p=0.000), with spending on social protection and welfare (r=0.766, p=0.000) and with GPS (r=0.944, p=0.000). The influence of GPS on the HDI is supported by an estimate of an econometric model with a coefficient of determination (R2 ) of 0.9586, in addition, the equation determined that for each sol (S/) of GPS per capita, the HDI increases 7.78x105 . In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of GPS as a fundamental element that affects human development in Cajamarca during the period studied.
The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of public social spending (GPS) on the human development index (HDI) in the department of Cajamarca in the period 2003- 2021, adopting a descriptive and explanatory approach, with a research design nonexperimental and longitudinal. The data for the indicators were obtained from official statistical sources such as the INEI, MEF, BCRP and IPE, and were processed using tools such as MS Excel, SPSS v25 and Eviews v10. The main results revealed that, during the period analyzed, the HDI experienced a growth of 58.1%, with significant improvements in life expectancy, education and income. The real GPS per capita increased 293.2%, since 2017 it represents two thirds of Cajamarca's public spending, with a notable focus on the educational field. Furthermore, positive and significant relationships were evident between the HDI with spending on education (r=0.929, p=0.000), with spending on health (r=0.964, p=0.000), with spending on social protection and welfare (r=0.766, p=0.000) and with GPS (r=0.944, p=0.000). The influence of GPS on the HDI is supported by an estimate of an econometric model with a coefficient of determination (R2 ) of 0.9586, in addition, the equation determined that for each sol (S/) of GPS per capita, the HDI increases 7.78x105 . In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of GPS as a fundamental element that affects human development in Cajamarca during the period studied.
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HUMANITIES and RELIGION::History and philosophy subjects::History subjects::History