Productividad laboral femenina y su relación con brecha salarial de género en el Perú: período 2007- 2019
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Date
2021
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La investigación permite determinar la relación entre productividad laboral femenina y brecha salarial de género en el Perú y sus departamentos, entre 2007 y 2019. Para ello, se revisaron los antecedentes vinculados a la relación entre productividad y diferencia de salarios en trabajadores que pertenecen a la PEA ocupada, según sexo. Esta investigación es no experimental y su diseño consistió en la construcción de una base de datos, a partir de las estadísticas publicadas por el INEI, a fin de recopilar cifras de PBI, PEA ocupada e Ingreso promedio, y calcular las diferencias de productividad y salarios entre hombres y mujeres. Se comparó en forma descriptiva la evolución de las series temporales, concluyendo con la medición y análisis del nivel de relación lineal utilizando el Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson. Los principales resultados muestran reducciones en la Brecha de Productividad y la Brecha Salarial de género a nivel nacional. No obstante, se confirmó que no existe relación significativa entre ambas variables. Además, Tacna fue, a nivel departamental, el único en el que existió una correlación significativa entre salario y productividad, pues presentó un nivel de relación lineal casi perfecto entre la brecha de productividad y la brecha salarial estimada.
ABSTRACT This study allows to determine the relationship between female labor productivity and the gender wage gap in Peru and in its departments, during the period 2007-2019. For that, the background of the study, associated to the relationship between productivity and the difference between the wages of men and women, was reviewed. This research is non-experimental and its design consisted in build a database upon the publications of the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics, in order to collect information about the GDP, the economically active population employed and average income, and computed the differences in productivity and wages between men and women. Then, a descriptive comparison was made of evolution of the time series to finish measuring and analysis of the level of linear relationship through Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. The results reported reductions in the Productivity Gap and the Wage Gap between men and women at the national level, however a significant relationship between both variables was not concluded. In addition, Tacna was the only department in which there was a correlation between salary and productivity, as it presented an almost perfect level of linear relationship between the productivity gap and the estimated gender pay gap.
ABSTRACT This study allows to determine the relationship between female labor productivity and the gender wage gap in Peru and in its departments, during the period 2007-2019. For that, the background of the study, associated to the relationship between productivity and the difference between the wages of men and women, was reviewed. This research is non-experimental and its design consisted in build a database upon the publications of the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics, in order to collect information about the GDP, the economically active population employed and average income, and computed the differences in productivity and wages between men and women. Then, a descriptive comparison was made of evolution of the time series to finish measuring and analysis of the level of linear relationship through Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. The results reported reductions in the Productivity Gap and the Wage Gap between men and women at the national level, however a significant relationship between both variables was not concluded. In addition, Tacna was the only department in which there was a correlation between salary and productivity, as it presented an almost perfect level of linear relationship between the productivity gap and the estimated gender pay gap.
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Keywords
Productividad laboral, Brecha salarial, Mujeres, Perú