Prevalencia del parasitismo intestinal en niños atendidos en el Centro de Salud Paucará de Acobamba (Huancavelica – Perú)
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Date
2024
Authors
Huamaní Pinedo, Daniela
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Publisher
Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Las infecciones parasitarias intestinales (IPIs) constituyen un problema de salud pública a nivel
mundial. En países en vías de desarrollo donde la sanidad ambiental es precaria, las normas higiénicosanitarias
son omitidas y la educación sanitaria no es difundida, las IPIs se presentan con elevadas
prevalencias. En centros de salud de dichos países el requerimiento de análisis de laboratorio para la
detección de IPIs es frecuente; sin embargo, informes de cuáles son las especies presentes en cada
lugar y cuál es su prevalencia son escasos. La presente investigación tiene el objetivo de determinar
la prevalencia de IPIs en niños menores de 6 años admitidos en el Centro de Salud Paucará (CSP) de
Acobamba (Huancavelica, Perú), de febrero a octubre del 2021. Se condujo una investigación
descriptiva, retrospectiva y corte transversal, teniendo como fuente de datos las historias clínicas (HC)
de los niños atendidos en el CSP y derivados al área de parasitología para detectar a los causantes
de las IPIs. Los datos se extrajeron en fichas individuales elaboradas para tal fin y la información fue
analizada para obtener los resultados. 477 HC que tenían los datos completos conformaron la muestra
(n) y se encontró que las IPIs fueron causadas por los protozoarios: Entamoeba coli, Blastocystis
hominicacos, Giardia lamblia, Chilomastix mesnili, Endolimax nana y Iodamoeba butschslii, de las
cuales B. hominicacos fue las más frecuente, y por los helmintos, Ascaris lumbricoides y Hymenolepis
nana, que se presentaron con bajas prevalencias. Los casos positivos se presentaron con elevadas
prevalencias, la mayor se presentó en febrero (70-0%) y la menor en octubre (53.7%).
Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) constitute a public health problem worldwide. In developing countries where environmental health is precarious, hygienic-sanitary standards are omitted and health education is not disseminated, IPIs occur with high prevalence. In health centers in these countries, the requirement for laboratory analysis to detect PIIs is frequent; however, reports on which species are present in each place and what their prevalence is are scarce. The objective of this investigation is to determine the prevalence of IPIs in children under 6 years of age admitted to the Paucará Health Center (CSP) of Acobamba (Huancavelica, Peru), from February to October 2021. A descriptive, retrospective investigation was conducted. and cross-sectional section, having as a data source the medical records (HC) of the children treated at the CSP and referred to the parasitology area to detect the causes of the IPIs. The data was extracted into individual files prepared for this purpose and the information was analyzed to obtain the results. 477 HC that had complete data made up the sample (n) and it was found that the IPIs were caused by the protozoans: Entamoeba coli, Blastocystis hominicacos, Giardia lamblia, Chilomastix mesnili, Endolimax nana and Iodamoeba butschslii, of which B. hominicacos was the most frequent, and by the helminthes, Ascaris lumbricoides and Hymenolepis nana, which occurred with low prevalence. The positive cases occurred with high prevalence, the highest occurred in February (70- 0%) and the lowest in October (53.7%).
Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) constitute a public health problem worldwide. In developing countries where environmental health is precarious, hygienic-sanitary standards are omitted and health education is not disseminated, IPIs occur with high prevalence. In health centers in these countries, the requirement for laboratory analysis to detect PIIs is frequent; however, reports on which species are present in each place and what their prevalence is are scarce. The objective of this investigation is to determine the prevalence of IPIs in children under 6 years of age admitted to the Paucará Health Center (CSP) of Acobamba (Huancavelica, Peru), from February to October 2021. A descriptive, retrospective investigation was conducted. and cross-sectional section, having as a data source the medical records (HC) of the children treated at the CSP and referred to the parasitology area to detect the causes of the IPIs. The data was extracted into individual files prepared for this purpose and the information was analyzed to obtain the results. 477 HC that had complete data made up the sample (n) and it was found that the IPIs were caused by the protozoans: Entamoeba coli, Blastocystis hominicacos, Giardia lamblia, Chilomastix mesnili, Endolimax nana and Iodamoeba butschslii, of which B. hominicacos was the most frequent, and by the helminthes, Ascaris lumbricoides and Hymenolepis nana, which occurred with low prevalence. The positive cases occurred with high prevalence, the highest occurred in February (70- 0%) and the lowest in October (53.7%).
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HUMANITIES and RELIGION::History and philosophy subjects::History subjects::History