Estudio de las medidas adoptadas para evitar la dispersión de Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Raza 4 Tropical en La Libertad
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
En el 2021 al emitirse la emergencia fitosanitaria nacional en el territorio peruano, ante la llegada de la Raza 4 Tropical de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc R4T), se implementaron medidas para el resguardo de las áreas productoras de plátano y banano, las cuales fueron dadas por el Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria (SENASA), es por ello que la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las medidas adoptadas para evitar la dispersión de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Raza 4 Tropical en La Libertad, tomando como variables de estudio los registros de material vegetal comisado de plátano y banano, y la verificación vehicular de transporte de carga de estos frutos; del periodo abril - diciembre del año 2023, realizados en el Puesto de Control de Cuarentena Interna (PCCI) Alto Salaverry; identificándose un total de 240 comisos, con un peso acumulado de 3650 kg. Los resultados en cuanto a comisos muestran que la mayoría correspondieron a raquis y plántulas, lo que indica la importancia del control en el traslado de este tipo de material vegetal por la diseminación del patógeno. Asimismo, se encontró que la mayor parte de los comisos se realizó en los meses de abril y agosto. Las principales rutas de transporte de material comisado provienen de La Libertad y Piura, siendo Lima el principal destino. Los vehículos más usados para el transporte de este material comisado fueron las camionetas y camiones con carga agrícola. Por otro lado, los resultados muestran que se realizó la verificación vehicular a 204 unidades de transporte, siendo Lima el lugar frecuente de destino. Finalmente, después del análisis se concluye que en el PCCI Alto Salaverry, La Libertad se toman las medidas necesarias para evitar la dispersión del patógeno.
ABSTRACT In 2021 when the national phytosanitary emergency was issued in the Peruvian territory, before the arrival of race 4 tropical fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc R4T), measures were implemented for the protection of banana and bananas producing areas, which were given by the National Agricultural Health Service (SENASA), which is why the present investigation aimed to analyze the measures adopted to avoid the dispersion of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Raza 4 Tropical in La Libertad, taking as study variables the records of plant material of banana and bananas, and the vehicular verification of cargo transport of these fruits; of the April period - December of the year 2023, carried out at the Internal Quarantine Control Post (PCCI) Alto Salaverry; identifying a total of 240 commissos, with a accumulated weight of 3650 kg. The results in terms of police show that the majority corresponded to raquis and seedlings, indicating the importance of control in the transfer of this type of plant material due to the dissemination of the pathogen. Likewise, it was found that most of the commission was carried out in the months of April and August. The main transport routes of commissioned material come from freedom and Piura, the main destination being Lima. The most used vehicles for the transport of this commissioned material were trucks and trucks with agricultural load. On the other hand, the results show that the vehicular verification was carried out to 204 transport units, the frequent destination place being Lima. Finally, after the analysis it is concluded that in the PCCI high Salaverry, freedom takes the necessary measures to avoid the dispersion of the pathogen.
ABSTRACT In 2021 when the national phytosanitary emergency was issued in the Peruvian territory, before the arrival of race 4 tropical fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc R4T), measures were implemented for the protection of banana and bananas producing areas, which were given by the National Agricultural Health Service (SENASA), which is why the present investigation aimed to analyze the measures adopted to avoid the dispersion of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Raza 4 Tropical in La Libertad, taking as study variables the records of plant material of banana and bananas, and the vehicular verification of cargo transport of these fruits; of the April period - December of the year 2023, carried out at the Internal Quarantine Control Post (PCCI) Alto Salaverry; identifying a total of 240 commissos, with a accumulated weight of 3650 kg. The results in terms of police show that the majority corresponded to raquis and seedlings, indicating the importance of control in the transfer of this type of plant material due to the dissemination of the pathogen. Likewise, it was found that most of the commission was carried out in the months of April and August. The main transport routes of commissioned material come from freedom and Piura, the main destination being Lima. The most used vehicles for the transport of this commissioned material were trucks and trucks with agricultural load. On the other hand, the results show that the vehicular verification was carried out to 204 transport units, the frequent destination place being Lima. Finally, after the analysis it is concluded that in the PCCI high Salaverry, freedom takes the necessary measures to avoid the dispersion of the pathogen.
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Keywords
Plátano, Banano, Medidas fitosanitarias, Comisos