Asociación entre el calcio sérico y presentación de infecciones intrahospitalarias en pacientes con ictus isquémico
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Date
2024-12-27
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Determinar la asociación entre los niveles de calcio sérico y la presentación de infecciones intrahospitalarias en pacientes con ictus isquémico. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico retrospectivo de tipo casos y controles, que incluyó 153 pacientes con enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica del Área de Neurología del Hospital Belén de Trujillo. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y se distribuyeron en 2 grupos (Casos: pacientes con infección intrahospitalaria; controles: sin infección intrahospitalaria), obteniendo 51 casos y 102 controles. Se recopilaron datos como el valor de calcio sérico, variables sociodemográficas, comorbilidades, el uso de sondas, catéter venoso central y ventilador mecánico. Los datos fueron procesados en Microsoft Excel y STATA v17.0, mediante la prueba de chi cuadrado o prueba exacta de Fisher según corresponda para la asociación de variables y un modelo multivariado de regresión logística. Resultados: La presentación de infección intrahospitalaria fue superior en pacientes de mayor edad (p=0.033) o con mayor estancia hospitalaria (p<0.001). Al comparar los niveles de calcio sérico, el 89.2% de los controles tenían niveles bajos frente al 100% de los casos (p=0.016). Además, valores de calcio sérico de 1.2 mmol/L o inferiores presentan 4 veces más riesgo de infección intrahospitalaria (OR=4.2; (IC95%= 1.4-12.4). Conclusión: La disminución del nivel de calcio aumenta la presencia de infección intrahospitalaria.
Palabras claves: Accidente cerebrovascular isquémico, infección intrahospitalaria, hipocalcemia
Abstract To determine the association between serum calcium levels and in-hospital infections in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: Observational, analytical, retrospective case-control study, which included 153 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease from the Neurology Department of the Hospital Belén de Trujillo. The medical records were reviewed and distributed into 2 groups (cases: patients with in-hospital infection; controls: without in-hospital infection), obtaining 51 cases and 102 controls. Data such as serum calcium value, sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, use of catheters, central venous catheter and mechanical ventilator were collected. The data were processed in Microsoft Excel and STATA v17.0, using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test as appropriate for the association of variables and a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The presentation of nosocomial infection was higher in older patients (p=0.033) or with longer hospital stay (p<0.001). When comparing serum calcium levels, it was observed that 89.2% of controls had low levels versus 100% of cases (p=0.016). In addition, serum calcium values of 1.2 mmol/L or lower presented 4 times the risk of in-hospital infection (OR=4.2; (95%CI= 1.4-12.4). Conclusion: Decreased calcium level increases the presence of in-hospital infection.
Abstract To determine the association between serum calcium levels and in-hospital infections in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: Observational, analytical, retrospective case-control study, which included 153 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease from the Neurology Department of the Hospital Belén de Trujillo. The medical records were reviewed and distributed into 2 groups (cases: patients with in-hospital infection; controls: without in-hospital infection), obtaining 51 cases and 102 controls. Data such as serum calcium value, sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, use of catheters, central venous catheter and mechanical ventilator were collected. The data were processed in Microsoft Excel and STATA v17.0, using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test as appropriate for the association of variables and a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The presentation of nosocomial infection was higher in older patients (p=0.033) or with longer hospital stay (p<0.001). When comparing serum calcium levels, it was observed that 89.2% of controls had low levels versus 100% of cases (p=0.016). In addition, serum calcium values of 1.2 mmol/L or lower presented 4 times the risk of in-hospital infection (OR=4.2; (95%CI= 1.4-12.4). Conclusion: Decreased calcium level increases the presence of in-hospital infection.
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Keywords
Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico, Infección Intrahospitalaria, Hipocalcemia