Asociación entre la presencia de enfermedad cardiovascular y la ansiedad elevada en cuidadores de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19
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Date
2022-07-04
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Desde el comienzo de la pandemia de COVID-19 a finales del año 2019, se detectó un aumento importante en la prevalencia de ansiedad en la población general. El impacto psicológico de la pandemia afectó también a los trabajadores de salud, así como a los pacientes afectados por esta enfermedad y sus familias. El objetivo principal de la presente investigación es determinar si existe asociación entre la presencia de enfermedad cardiovascular y niveles elevados de ansiedad en cuidadores de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19. Para tal fin, se consideró evaluar a familiares responsables de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID 19 en el Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, que sean mayores de 18 años y que hayan aceptado colaborar con la entrevista entre Junio y Diciembre del 2022. Teniendo en cuenta que la población de pacientes hospitalizados del HRDT por COVID-19 agudo oscila entre 170 en los momentos de mayor demanda de servicios, y 60 pacientes en los momentos de menor demanda, se calculó una muestra de 110 pacientes. El diseño del estudio fue transversal analítico.
A lo largo de diferentes investigaciones, podemos ver la importancia de usar una escala de medición validada para poder cuantificar y realizar comparaciones en los niveles de ansiedad encontrados. Por esto, se utilizó el GAD-7, el cual, desde su creación, ha sido validado en diferentes poblaciones de enfermos y más recientemente en pacientes con COVID -19 y población general. Los datos fueron analizados en el software SPSS-21 y se utilizó la prueba estadística de Chi cuadrado para determinar la asociación entre la presencia de enfermedad cardiovascular y la ansiedad elevada, considerándose p < 0.05 como significativo.
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of 2019, a significant increase in the prevalence of anxiety was detected in the general population. The psychological impact of the pandemic also affected health workers, as well as patients affected by this disease and their families. The main objective of the present investigation is to determine if there is an association between the presence of cardiovascular disease and high levels of anxiety in caregivers of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. For this purpose, family members responsible for patients hospitalized with COVID 19 at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo will be evaluated, who are over 18 years of age and who have agreed to collaborate with the interview between June and December 2022. Taking into account that The population of hospitalized patients at the Trujillo Regional Teaching Hospital for acute COVID-19 ranges between 170 at times of greatest demand for services, and 60 patients at times of lowest demand, a sample of 110 patients was calculated. The study design was analytical cross-sectional. Throughout different investigations, we can see the importance of using a validated measurement scale to be able to quantify and make comparisons in the anxiety levels found. For this reason, the GAD-7 was used, which, since its creation, has been validated in different patient populations and more recently in patients with COVID -19 and the general population. The data were analyzed in the SPSS-21 software and the Chi square statistical test was used to determine the association between the presence of cardiovascular disease and high anxiety, considering p < 0.05 as significant.
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of 2019, a significant increase in the prevalence of anxiety was detected in the general population. The psychological impact of the pandemic also affected health workers, as well as patients affected by this disease and their families. The main objective of the present investigation is to determine if there is an association between the presence of cardiovascular disease and high levels of anxiety in caregivers of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. For this purpose, family members responsible for patients hospitalized with COVID 19 at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo will be evaluated, who are over 18 years of age and who have agreed to collaborate with the interview between June and December 2022. Taking into account that The population of hospitalized patients at the Trujillo Regional Teaching Hospital for acute COVID-19 ranges between 170 at times of greatest demand for services, and 60 patients at times of lowest demand, a sample of 110 patients was calculated. The study design was analytical cross-sectional. Throughout different investigations, we can see the importance of using a validated measurement scale to be able to quantify and make comparisons in the anxiety levels found. For this reason, the GAD-7 was used, which, since its creation, has been validated in different patient populations and more recently in patients with COVID -19 and the general population. The data were analyzed in the SPSS-21 software and the Chi square statistical test was used to determine the association between the presence of cardiovascular disease and high anxiety, considering p < 0.05 as significant.
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Keywords
COVID-19, Ansiedad, Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedad Cardiovascular