Legitimización y apropiación del espacio geográfico mediante el establecimiento de áreas funerarias en El Algarrobal, valle de Chicama
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Date
2025
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Este trabajo de investigación responde a una prospección sistemática realizada en el límite norte del valle de Chicama, al norte del Centro Poblado La Arenita, como parte de los objetivos del Programa Arqueológico Chicama, de registrar y caracterizar las diversas formas de ocupación prehispánicas con la finalidad de comprender el largo proceso de ocupación humana en el valle. En ese sentido, la prospección tuvo como objetivo identificar la filiación cultural y la función de un conjunto de evidencias arqueológicas ubicadas en la margen norte del valle denominada El Algarrobal; con el fin de explicar el propósito de selección de este emplazamiento en la zona del valle bajo de Chicama. Las evidencias recuperadas han sido leídas desde la óptica de la Arqueología del paisaje, nacida de la crítica post procesual arqueológica. Para ello, se ha empleado una metodología de investigación mixta, desarrollando una prospección sistemática basada en la caracterización cuantitativa y cualitativa de las ocupaciones, así como un abordaje morfo-decorativo y estilístico de la cerámica recolectada. A partir de este estudio, se concluye que la ocupación en este complejo inicia durante la fase Moche Tardío y continuó siendo usado durante el Intermedio tardío. Es así, que esta tesis se centra en la ocupación tardía del complejo, la misma que es vinculada a un uso ritual, dedicado al culto de los ancestros. De este modo, las poblaciones construyeron y transformaron el paisaje a través del culto a los ancestros con el fin de legitimar el uso del espacio geográfico desde una concepción territorial.
Abstract This research work is the result of a systematic survey conducted on the northern edge of the Chicama Valley, north of the La Arenita town. This survey was part of the Chicama Archaeological Program's objectives: to record and characterize the various forms of pre-Hispanic occupation in order to understand the long process of human habitation in the valley. The objective of the survey was to identify the cultural affiliation and function of a set of archaeological evidence located on the northern edge of the valley known as El Algarrobal, in order to explain the purpose of selecting this site in the lower Chicama Valley. The recovered evidence has been interpreted from the perspective of landscape archaeology, born from post-processual archaeological criticism. To this end, a mixed research methodology was employed, developing a systematic survey based on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of the occupations, as well as a morpho-decorative and stylistic approach to the collected pottery. Based on this study, we conclude that occupation of this complex began during the Late Moche phase and continued into the Late Intermediate Period. Thus, this thesis focuses on the late occupation of the complex, which is linked to ritual use, dedicated to ancestor worship. In this way, populations constructed and transformed the landscape through ancestor worship in order to legitimize the use of geographic space from a territorial perspective.
Abstract This research work is the result of a systematic survey conducted on the northern edge of the Chicama Valley, north of the La Arenita town. This survey was part of the Chicama Archaeological Program's objectives: to record and characterize the various forms of pre-Hispanic occupation in order to understand the long process of human habitation in the valley. The objective of the survey was to identify the cultural affiliation and function of a set of archaeological evidence located on the northern edge of the valley known as El Algarrobal, in order to explain the purpose of selecting this site in the lower Chicama Valley. The recovered evidence has been interpreted from the perspective of landscape archaeology, born from post-processual archaeological criticism. To this end, a mixed research methodology was employed, developing a systematic survey based on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of the occupations, as well as a morpho-decorative and stylistic approach to the collected pottery. Based on this study, we conclude that occupation of this complex began during the Late Moche phase and continued into the Late Intermediate Period. Thus, this thesis focuses on the late occupation of the complex, which is linked to ritual use, dedicated to ancestor worship. In this way, populations constructed and transformed the landscape through ancestor worship in order to legitimize the use of geographic space from a territorial perspective.
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Keywords
Arqueología del paisaje, Horizonte medio, Culto a los ancestros