Factores de riesgo asociados al estado nutricional en niños menores de 3 a 5 años
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Date
2024-01-31
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El estudio buscó conocer los factores de riesgo asociados al estado nutricional en niños menores de 3 a 5 años. Fue de enfoque cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo-analítico, no experimental y transversal. Para medir la variable de factores de riesgo se aplicó un cuestionario a 40 madres; y, para la variable estado nutricional se analizó el CRED de 40 infantes de 3 a 5 años. Los datos fueron procesados aplicando chi cuadrado. Los resultados mostraron que en el factor ocupación, las madres empleadas el 17.5% de los niños tenían desnutrición aguda, y las madres empleadas el 12.5 % estado normal. En el factor escolaridad de las madres con educación superior 10% tenía hijos con desnutrición aguda y madres sin instrucción sus hijos el 12.5% tenía peso normal para la talla. En el factor paridad madres con 1-2 hijos el 20% % tenía sobrepeso en P/E y madres de 6 a más hijos el 7.5 % tenía peso bajo para la edad. En el factor tipo de lactancia, las madres que brindaron lactancia materna exclusiva el 17.5% de sus hijos tenía un peso normal para la talla y madres que había brindado lactancia mixta el 10% de sus hijos tenía desnutrición severa respecto a P/T. En el factor condiciones sanitarias de la vivienda las madres que contaban con servicios el 32.5% tenía peso normal para la edad y madres sin servicios el 12.5% de los niños tenían bajo peso en P/E. Respecto al estado nutricional, en P/T, el 27.5% presentó desnutrición aguda. En T/E, el 25% presentaron talla alta y en P/E, el 35% evidenció un estado normal y el 30% sobrepeso. Llegando a la conclusión que los factores asociados significativamente al estado nutricional fueron; ocupación, tipo de lactancia del menor, paridad y condiciones de la vivienda
The study sought to determine the risk factors associated with nutritional status in children under 3 to 5 years of age. The study was quantitative, descriptive-analytical, non-experimental and cross-sectional. To measure the risk factors variable, a questionnaire was applied to 40 mothers; and for the nutritional status variable, the CRED of 40 infants aged 3 to 5 years was analyzed. The data were processed by applying chi-square. The results showed that in the occupation factor, 17.5% of the children had acute malnutrition in employed mothers and 12.5% had normal nutritional status in employed mothers. In the education factor, 10% of mothers with higher education had children with acute malnutrition and 12.5% of mothers with no education had children with normal weight for height. In the parity factor, 20% of mothers with 1-2 children were overweight in P/E and 7.5% of mothers with 6 or more children were underweight for age. In the type of breastfeeding factor, mothers who exclusively breastfed 17.5% of their children had a normal weight for height and mothers who had mixed breastfeeding 10% of their children had severe malnutrition with respect to P/T. In the sanitary conditions factor, 32.5% of mothers who had services had normal weight for age and mothers without services 12.5% of the children were underweight in P/E. Regarding nutritional status, in P/T, 27.5% were acutely malnourished. In T/E, 25% were tall and in P/E, 35% were normal and 30% were overweight. It was concluded that the factors significantly associated with nutritional status were: occupation, type of breastfeeding of the child, parity and housing conditions
The study sought to determine the risk factors associated with nutritional status in children under 3 to 5 years of age. The study was quantitative, descriptive-analytical, non-experimental and cross-sectional. To measure the risk factors variable, a questionnaire was applied to 40 mothers; and for the nutritional status variable, the CRED of 40 infants aged 3 to 5 years was analyzed. The data were processed by applying chi-square. The results showed that in the occupation factor, 17.5% of the children had acute malnutrition in employed mothers and 12.5% had normal nutritional status in employed mothers. In the education factor, 10% of mothers with higher education had children with acute malnutrition and 12.5% of mothers with no education had children with normal weight for height. In the parity factor, 20% of mothers with 1-2 children were overweight in P/E and 7.5% of mothers with 6 or more children were underweight for age. In the type of breastfeeding factor, mothers who exclusively breastfed 17.5% of their children had a normal weight for height and mothers who had mixed breastfeeding 10% of their children had severe malnutrition with respect to P/T. In the sanitary conditions factor, 32.5% of mothers who had services had normal weight for age and mothers without services 12.5% of the children were underweight in P/E. Regarding nutritional status, in P/T, 27.5% were acutely malnourished. In T/E, 25% were tall and in P/E, 35% were normal and 30% were overweight. It was concluded that the factors significantly associated with nutritional status were: occupation, type of breastfeeding of the child, parity and housing conditions
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Keywords
Factores
Riesgo
Estado Nutricional