Sucesión de la micobiota asociada a cadáveres de Sus scrofa domestica en la ciudad de Trujillo, Perú, durante los meses de abril a junio de 2022.
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Date
2023
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Con el propósito de determinar la sucesión fúngica asociada a un cadáver de cerdo (Sus scrofa domestica) de acuerdo a sus diferentes fases putrefactivas, en la ciudad de Trujillo, Perú, se sacrificó un espécimen y se tomaron muestras de las colonias de hongos que aparecieron sobre la piel durante el proceso de descomposición. Las muestras de las colonias fueron tomadas con hisopos estériles mediante barrido y conservadas en agua destilada estéril; posteriormente fueron sembradas en agar Sabouraud y analizadas. A lo largo del estudio se identificaron tres fases de descomposición cadavérica: fresca, hinchada y descomposición activa, observándose los hongos en las dos últimas, y se identificaron un total de ocho géneros (Alternaria, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Geotrichum, Mucor, Penicillium y Rhodotorula) y dos hongos de tipo levaduriforme que no fueron identificados. La fase de descomposición que presentó mayor cantidad de hongos fue la de descomposición activa, y el género más frecuente fue Penicillium (27,94%); en contraste, el más escaso fue Alternaria (1,47%). Se concluye que la sucesión de la micobiota asociada al cadáver del cerdo estuvo compuesta por A. pullulans, C. cladosporioides, Geotrichum sp., M. hiemalis, P. expansum, Penicillium sp. 2, Rhodotorula sp. y el hongo levaduriforme sp. 1 en la fase hinchada, y en la fase de descomposición activa por Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., A. pullulans, C. cladosporioides, Cladosporium sp., Geotrichum sp., M. hiemalis, P. citrinum, P. olsonii, P. expansum, Penicillium sp. 1, 2 y 3, y los hongos levaduriformes sp. 1 y 2.
With the purpose of determining the fungal succession associated with a pig carcass (Sus scrofa domestica) according to its different stages of decay, in the city of Trujillo, Peru, a specimen was sacrificed and samples were taken from the fungal colonies that appeared on the skin during the decomposition process. The colony samples were taken with sterile swabs by swabbing and preserved in sterile distilled water. Subsequently, they were cultured on Sabouraud agar and analyzed. Throughout the study, three phases of cadaver decomposition were identified: fresh, bloated, and active decomposition, with fungi appearing in the latter two phases. A total of eight genera (Alternaria, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Geotrichum, Mucor, Penicillium, and Rhodotorula) and two yeast-like fungi that were not identified were found. The phase of decomposition that presented the highest number of fungi was the active decomposition phase, and the most frequent genus was Penicillium (27.94%); in contrast, Alternaria was the least abundant (1.47%). It is concluded that the succession of the mycobiota associated with the pig carcass consisted of A. pullulans, C. cladosporioides, Geotrichum sp., M. hiemalis, P. expansum, Penicillium sp. 2, Rhodotorula sp., and yeast-like fungus sp. 1 during the bloated phase, and in the active decomposition phase, it included Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., A. pullulans, C. cladosporioides, Cladosporium sp., Geotrichum sp., M. hiemalis, P. citrinum, P. olsonii, P. expansum, Penicillium sp. 1, 2, and 3, along with yeast-like fungi sp. 1 and 2.
With the purpose of determining the fungal succession associated with a pig carcass (Sus scrofa domestica) according to its different stages of decay, in the city of Trujillo, Peru, a specimen was sacrificed and samples were taken from the fungal colonies that appeared on the skin during the decomposition process. The colony samples were taken with sterile swabs by swabbing and preserved in sterile distilled water. Subsequently, they were cultured on Sabouraud agar and analyzed. Throughout the study, three phases of cadaver decomposition were identified: fresh, bloated, and active decomposition, with fungi appearing in the latter two phases. A total of eight genera (Alternaria, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Geotrichum, Mucor, Penicillium, and Rhodotorula) and two yeast-like fungi that were not identified were found. The phase of decomposition that presented the highest number of fungi was the active decomposition phase, and the most frequent genus was Penicillium (27.94%); in contrast, Alternaria was the least abundant (1.47%). It is concluded that the succession of the mycobiota associated with the pig carcass consisted of A. pullulans, C. cladosporioides, Geotrichum sp., M. hiemalis, P. expansum, Penicillium sp. 2, Rhodotorula sp., and yeast-like fungus sp. 1 during the bloated phase, and in the active decomposition phase, it included Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., A. pullulans, C. cladosporioides, Cladosporium sp., Geotrichum sp., M. hiemalis, P. citrinum, P. olsonii, P. expansum, Penicillium sp. 1, 2, and 3, along with yeast-like fungi sp. 1 and 2.
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Keywords
Fases de descomposición, hongos, micología forense, sucesión fúngica