Efecto de seis sustratos y tres niveles de fertilización NPK en el crecimiento y calidad de plantines de arándano Vaccinium corymbosum L. var. Misty en Shiran – La Libertad
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Date
2016
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación, tuvo como objetivo, evaluar el efecto del uso de 6 sustratos y 3 niveles de fertilización en el crecimiento y calidad de plantines de Arándano de la variedad Misty. Se realizó en las instalaciones de la empresa Best Berries Perú ubicada en Shiran perteneciente al distrito de Poroto y se emplearon plántulas de arándano procedentes de cultivo in vitro. En cuanto a los sustratos empleados fueron turba (kekkila), musgo, arena de rio lavada y cascarilla de arroz; de los cuales se formularon 6 tipos de mezclas. Como fuente de fertilizantes se emplearon urea, ácido fosfórico y sulfato de potasio. Se formuló 24 tratamientos que surgieron de la interacción de 6 tipos de sustratos y 3 niveles de fertilización (adicionalmente se incluyó un testigo sin aplicación de fertilizantes), para efectos de evaluación se armaron 5 bloques con 3 repeticiones de cada tratamiento por bloque. La conducción de los plantines se realizó dentro de un tinglado, en donde las plántulas fueron instaladas en bolsas de 1 L de capacidad. En este ambiente recibieron el manejo correspondiente a control fitosanitario, riego y fertilización. Se realizaron evaluaciones en cuanto al pH y CE inicial de los sustratos así como también al finalizar la investigación. También se evaluó quincenalmente la altura de los plantines y al final se evaluaron el vigor de los plantines, la longitud de las raíces, área foliar, peso fresco de las raíces y parte aérea, peso seco de raíces y parte aérea. La conducción de cultivo duro 19 semanas. En síntesis los mejores tratamientos que permitieron obtener un mejor crecimiento y calidad de plantines están entre los tratamientos en que no se emplearon niveles de fertilización y los sustratos que involucran el uso de turba, arena de rio y musgo. Todo esto indicando que en esta fase del cultivo no necesitan fertilizantes en grandes cantidades y que más bien un exceso de estos originaron plantines de mala calidad e incluso llegando a morir.
ABSTRACT This research work, aimed to assess the effect of using substrates 6 and 3 fertilization levels on growth and quality of seedlings Blueberry variety Misty. It was held at the company premises located in Peru Berries Best Shiran belonging to the district Poroto and cranberry seedlings from in vitro culture were used. As for the substrates used were peat ( Kekkilä ) , moss , washed river sand and rice husk ; of which 6 types of mixtures were formulated . Urea fertilizer source , phosphoric acid and potassium sulfate were employed. 24 treatments arising from the interaction of 6 types of substrates and 3 levels of fertilization (additionally included a control without fertilizer application) , for evaluation purposes 5 blocks with 3 replications of each treatment block was formulated armed themselves. The conduct of the seedlings was performed within a shed, where the seedlings were installed in bags of 1 L capacity. In this environment they received the appropriate management of phytosanitary control, irrigation and fertilization. assessments regarding the initial pH and EC of the substrates as well as the completion of the investigation were made. every two weeks was also evaluated the height of the seedlings and end the vigor of the seedlings, the root length, leaf area, fresh weight of roots and aerial part, dry weight of roots and aerial part were evaluated. Hard driving culture 19 weeks. In short the best treatments allowed to obtain a better growth and quality of seedlings are among the treatments in which no fertilization levels and substrates involving the use of peat moss and river sand were used. All this indicates that at this stage of the crop not need fertilizer in large quantities and rather an excess of these originated saplings of poor quality and even going to die.
ABSTRACT This research work, aimed to assess the effect of using substrates 6 and 3 fertilization levels on growth and quality of seedlings Blueberry variety Misty. It was held at the company premises located in Peru Berries Best Shiran belonging to the district Poroto and cranberry seedlings from in vitro culture were used. As for the substrates used were peat ( Kekkilä ) , moss , washed river sand and rice husk ; of which 6 types of mixtures were formulated . Urea fertilizer source , phosphoric acid and potassium sulfate were employed. 24 treatments arising from the interaction of 6 types of substrates and 3 levels of fertilization (additionally included a control without fertilizer application) , for evaluation purposes 5 blocks with 3 replications of each treatment block was formulated armed themselves. The conduct of the seedlings was performed within a shed, where the seedlings were installed in bags of 1 L capacity. In this environment they received the appropriate management of phytosanitary control, irrigation and fertilization. assessments regarding the initial pH and EC of the substrates as well as the completion of the investigation were made. every two weeks was also evaluated the height of the seedlings and end the vigor of the seedlings, the root length, leaf area, fresh weight of roots and aerial part, dry weight of roots and aerial part were evaluated. Hard driving culture 19 weeks. In short the best treatments allowed to obtain a better growth and quality of seedlings are among the treatments in which no fertilization levels and substrates involving the use of peat moss and river sand were used. All this indicates that at this stage of the crop not need fertilizer in large quantities and rather an excess of these originated saplings of poor quality and even going to die.
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Keywords
Plantin, Arándano, Sustratos, Fertilización