“Efectividad del programa de suplementación en el embarazo para prevención de anemia en puérperas. Cajabamba. 2022”.
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Date
2025
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Determinar la efectividad del programa de suplementación dada por el Ministerio de Salud en la prevención de la anemia en puérperas atendidas en el Hospital Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Cajabamba 2022.
METODOLOGÍA: Estudio observacional, descriptivo – retrospectivo y comparativo. Ingresaron al estudio 188 gestantes. El instrumento de medición de datos fue la ficha de recolección de datos, que recabó información de las historias clínicas. Se utilizó el programa SPSS 22.0 para procesamiento de datos y la prueba de Chi-cuadrado para contrastación de hipótesis.
RESULTADOS: La prueba chi-cuadrado fue p= 0,200 (p > α) no habiendo significancia estadística en relación a la efectividad de la suplementación con sulfato ferroso más ácido fólico en el embarazo para la prevención de la anemia ferropénica en el puerperio. En el primer tamizaje de hemoglobina a gestantes el 97,3% no presentó anemia, 2,1% presentó anemia leve y 0,5% anemia moderada. En el tamizaje de hemoglobina a puérperas el 77,7% no presentó anemia, 14,4% presentó anemia leve y 8,0% anemia moderada. En relación al inicio de suplementación con sulfato ferroso el 80,3% lo realizó entre las 14 y 18 semanas de gestación y el 19,7% entre las 19 y 33 semanas.
CONCLUSIÓN: No se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa entre la suplementación con sulfato ferroso y ácido fólico dada por el Ministerio de Salud en la prevención de la anemia ferropénica en las puérperas atendidas en el Hospital Nuestra señora del Rosario, Cajabamba; no siendo efectivo el programa de suplementación en la prevención de la anemia.
OBJECTIVE: Determine the effectiveness of the supplementation program given by the Ministry of Health in the prevention of anemia in postpartum women treated at the Nuestra Señora del Rosario Hospital, Cajabamba 2022. METHODOLOGY: Observational, descriptive – retrospective and comparative study. 188 pregnant women entered the study. The data measurement instrument was the data collection form, which collected information from the medical records. The SPSS 22.0 program was used for data processing and the Chi-square test was used to test hypotheses. RESULTS: The chi-square test was p= 0.200 (p > α), with no statistical significance in relation to the effectiveness of supplementation with ferrous sulfate plus folic acid in pregnancy for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in the puerperium. In the first hemoglobin screening of pregnant women, 97.3% did not present anemia, 2.1% presented mild anemia and 0.5% moderate anemia. In the hemoglobin screening of postpartum women, 77.7% did not present anemia, 14.4% presented mild anemia and 8.0% moderate anemia. In relation to the start of supplementation with ferrous sulfate, 80.3% did so between 14 and 18 weeks of gestation and 19.7% between 19 and 33 weeks. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant relationship was found between ferrous sulfate and folic acid supplementation, as provided by the Ministry of Health, in preventing iron deficiency anemia in postpartum women treated at Nuestra Señora del Rosario Hospital in Cajabamba; the supplementation program was not effective in preventing anemia.
OBJECTIVE: Determine the effectiveness of the supplementation program given by the Ministry of Health in the prevention of anemia in postpartum women treated at the Nuestra Señora del Rosario Hospital, Cajabamba 2022. METHODOLOGY: Observational, descriptive – retrospective and comparative study. 188 pregnant women entered the study. The data measurement instrument was the data collection form, which collected information from the medical records. The SPSS 22.0 program was used for data processing and the Chi-square test was used to test hypotheses. RESULTS: The chi-square test was p= 0.200 (p > α), with no statistical significance in relation to the effectiveness of supplementation with ferrous sulfate plus folic acid in pregnancy for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in the puerperium. In the first hemoglobin screening of pregnant women, 97.3% did not present anemia, 2.1% presented mild anemia and 0.5% moderate anemia. In the hemoglobin screening of postpartum women, 77.7% did not present anemia, 14.4% presented mild anemia and 8.0% moderate anemia. In relation to the start of supplementation with ferrous sulfate, 80.3% did so between 14 and 18 weeks of gestation and 19.7% between 19 and 33 weeks. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant relationship was found between ferrous sulfate and folic acid supplementation, as provided by the Ministry of Health, in preventing iron deficiency anemia in postpartum women treated at Nuestra Señora del Rosario Hospital in Cajabamba; the supplementation program was not effective in preventing anemia.
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Keywords
Gestantes, Puérperas, Suplementación con sulfato ferroso y ácido fólico, Efectividad