Condiciones de vida de la población y su incidencia en el emprendimiento peruano: 2004 – 2018
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Date
2020
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El objetivo principal de la presente investigación es determinar la incidencia de las condiciones de vida de la población en el emprendimiento peruano durante el período 2004 – 2018. Para dicho propósito, en un primer momento, se han procesado y analizado descriptivamente los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares realizada por INEI; las variables analizadas fueron edad, género, nivel educativo, experiencia laboral, área de ubicación y situación de pobreza, todo ello enmarcado como condiciones de vida de alto impacto en la probabilidad de emprender, que según los antecedentes y marco teórico tienen determinación en el emprendimiento. Se realizó la estimación de la relación entre estas características de la población y la probabilidad de emprendimiento de un negocio o empresa, mediante un modelo logit binomial. Las conclusiones señalan que los factores socioeconómicos que inciden de forma positiva en el emprendimiento de las peruanas y peruanos son la experiencia, la edad, la situación de pobreza y el ser hombre. Los resultados muestran que la probabilidad de emprender en la población femenina es menor 6.0% a la de la población masculina, mientras que a más experiencia aumenta la probabilidad de emprender 9.2%, asimismo una población mayor aumenta la probabilidad de emprender en 5.3%, el pasar de un área rural a un área urbano reduce la probabilidad de emprender en 1.5%, un nivel educativo superior universitaria en la población reduce la probabilidad de emprender en 16.1%, finalmente la pobreza aumenta la probabilidad de emprender en 0.1%.
ABSTRACT The main objective of this research is to determine the incidence of the living conditions of the population on Peruvian entrepreneurship during the period 2004 - 2018. For this purpose, initially, the data from the Survey have been processed and analyzed descriptively Nacional de Hogares made by INEI. The variables analyzed were age, gender, educational level, work experience, location area and poverty situation, as living conditions with high impact on the probability of undertaking, which according to the background and theoretical framework have determination in entrepreneurship. The relationship between these characteristics of population and the probability that they undertake a business or company was estimated using a binomial logit model. The conclusions indicate that the most influential socioeconomic factors in a positive way in the entrepreneurship of Peruvians are experience, age, poverty and being a man. The results show that the probability of undertaking in the female population is 6.0% less than that of the male population, while the more experience the probability of undertaking increases the 9.2%, also a larger population increases the probability of undertaking 5.3%, the moving from a rural area to an urban area reduces the probability of undertaking by 1.5%, a higher university education level in the population reduces the probability of undertaking by 16.1%, finally poverty increases the probability of undertaking by 0.1%.
ABSTRACT The main objective of this research is to determine the incidence of the living conditions of the population on Peruvian entrepreneurship during the period 2004 - 2018. For this purpose, initially, the data from the Survey have been processed and analyzed descriptively Nacional de Hogares made by INEI. The variables analyzed were age, gender, educational level, work experience, location area and poverty situation, as living conditions with high impact on the probability of undertaking, which according to the background and theoretical framework have determination in entrepreneurship. The relationship between these characteristics of population and the probability that they undertake a business or company was estimated using a binomial logit model. The conclusions indicate that the most influential socioeconomic factors in a positive way in the entrepreneurship of Peruvians are experience, age, poverty and being a man. The results show that the probability of undertaking in the female population is 6.0% less than that of the male population, while the more experience the probability of undertaking increases the 9.2%, also a larger population increases the probability of undertaking 5.3%, the moving from a rural area to an urban area reduces the probability of undertaking by 1.5%, a higher university education level in the population reduces the probability of undertaking by 16.1%, finally poverty increases the probability of undertaking by 0.1%.
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Keywords
Emprendimiento, Condiciones de vida, Población