Factores de riesgo de recaída en pacientes drogodependientes post desintoxicación hospitalaria en el Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, 2009 – 2013
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Date
2016-12-09
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Determinar si los factores sociodemográficos, patología comórbida y factores relacionados al consumo son factores de riesgo de recaída en pacientes drogodependientes post desintoxicación hospitalaria.
MÉTODO: Se estudiaron casos de pacientes drogodependientes internados en psiquiatría del Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo entre Enero 2009 y Diciembre 2013 utilizando un diseño de Casos y Controles; se determinó si estos pacientes recayeron en el consumo o se mantuvieron abstinentes luego de tres meses del alta hospitalaria; posteriormente se determinó la existencia de factores de riesgo sociodemográficos, clínicos y los relacionados al consumo de sustancias. El análisis estadístico se realizó con la prueba Chi Cuadrado y se calculó su Odds Ratio (OR).
RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 110 pacientes con diagnóstico de drogodependencia, el 92.73% correspondieron al sexo masculino, y 70.91% eran solteros. El 28.18% y 25.45% presentaban comorbilidad depresiva y ansiosa respectivamente. El 68.18% eran policonsumidores y 75.45% tenían tiempo de consumo mayor a 5 años. La relación entre trastorno depresivo (OR: 5.31) y policonsumo (OR: 9.11) con la recaída fue altamente significativa.
CONCLUSIÓN: El Trastorno Depresivo y Policonsumo son factores que predicen la recaída de pacientes drogodependientes post desintoxicación hospitalaria
Description
OBJECTIVE: To determinate if the sociodemographic factors comorbid pathology and factors relationated to drug abuse are risk factors of relapse in drug addicts after detoxification in a hospital.
METHOD: There were studied drug addicts patients hospitalized in psychiatry service of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo between January 2009 to Decembre 2013; it has been used a Design: Case – Control Study. It was determinated if the patients relapsed or not in drug abuse after three months they were discharged from the hospital and continued attending to ambulatory controls; after that it was determinated if there were risk factors associated such as sociodemographic, clinic and drug abuse relationated factors. The information was evaluated with the Chi Square distribution, also the Odds Ratio (OR).
RESULTS: The were 110 patients with drug abuse diagnosis, 92.73% were men, 70.91% were single. The 28.18% and 25.45% had also a depressive and anxiety disorder respectively. 68.18% were polydrug addicts and 75.45% had a time abuse over 5 years. It was obtained a highly significant relationship between the depressive disorder (OR: 5.31) and poly-drug use (OR: 9.11) with the relapse of drug addict patients.
CONCLUSION: The depressive disorder and poly – drug use are risk factors that predict the relapse of drug addict patientes after detoxification in a hospital.
Keywords
Odds ratio, Policonsumo, Desintoxicación, Trastorno depresivo, Trastorno ansioso, Drogodependencia