Análisis comparativo y beneficio económico en la implementación del método modificado para la síntesis de ésteres
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Date
2021
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Los ésteres comprenden una gran familia de compuestos orgánicos con una variada utilización en la medicina, la biología, la química y la industria. Los ésteres se producen de forma natural en plantas y animales. Ésteres pequeños, en combinación con otros compuestos volátiles, producen el agradable aroma de frutas. Se han diseñado una serie de experimentos en el laboratorio a base de la química combinatoria usando ácidos carboxílicos y alcoholes para ver cómo se modifica la reactividad y la obtención de ésteres. El propósito del presente trabajo es permitir a los alumnos desarrollar aptitudes críticas en el laboratorio de química orgánica y aumentar sus habilidades de trabajo individual y en equipo, pero además mediante este método modificado para la obtención de ésteres, no sólo nos va a permitir evidenciar la preparación y obtención de ésteres, sino que va a permitir el ahorro de reactivos, ahorro de tiempo, ahorro económico y cuidado medio ambiental, lo cual redunda en un múltiple beneficio. Se utilizó ácido acético glacial, 1-pentanol y ácido sulfúrico como catalizador, siendo el ahorro de los reactivos por semestre académico de 679,68 mL para el ácido acético, 2050,8 mL para el 1- pentanol y de 22,2 mL para el ácido sulfúrico, todo ello equivale en un ahorro económico de 657,86 Nuevos Soles en una muestra de trabajo por semestre académico.
ABSTRACT Esters comprise a large family of organic compounds with varied use in medicine, biology, chemistry and industry. Esters occur naturally in plants and animals. Small esters, in combination with other volatile compounds, produce the pleasant aroma of fruits. A series of experiments have been designed in the laboratory based on combinatorial chemistry using carboxylic acids and alcohols to see how reactivity is modified and esters are obtained. The purpose of this work is to allow students to develop critical skills in the organic chemistry laboratory and increase their individual and team work skills, but also through this modified method to obtain esters, it will not only allow us to evidence the preparation and obtaining of esters, but it will allow the saving of reagents, time saving, economic savings and environmental care, which results in a multiple benefit. Glacial acetic acid, 1-pentanol and sulfuric acid were used as a catalyst, with the saving of the reagents per academic semester of 679,68 mL for acetic acid, 2050,8 mL for 1-pentanol and 22,2 mL for sulfuric acid, all equivalent to an economic saving of 657,86 Nuevos Soles in a work sample per academic semester.
ABSTRACT Esters comprise a large family of organic compounds with varied use in medicine, biology, chemistry and industry. Esters occur naturally in plants and animals. Small esters, in combination with other volatile compounds, produce the pleasant aroma of fruits. A series of experiments have been designed in the laboratory based on combinatorial chemistry using carboxylic acids and alcohols to see how reactivity is modified and esters are obtained. The purpose of this work is to allow students to develop critical skills in the organic chemistry laboratory and increase their individual and team work skills, but also through this modified method to obtain esters, it will not only allow us to evidence the preparation and obtaining of esters, but it will allow the saving of reagents, time saving, economic savings and environmental care, which results in a multiple benefit. Glacial acetic acid, 1-pentanol and sulfuric acid were used as a catalyst, with the saving of the reagents per academic semester of 679,68 mL for acetic acid, 2050,8 mL for 1-pentanol and 22,2 mL for sulfuric acid, all equivalent to an economic saving of 657,86 Nuevos Soles in a work sample per academic semester.
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Keywords
Ésteres, Ácidos carboxílicos. Alcoholes. Beneficio económico