Crecimiento económico y pobreza en los departamentos del Trapecio Andino del Perú: periodo 2007 – 2021
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Date
2023
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la incidencia que ha tenido el crecimiento económico en la pobreza de los departamentos del trapecio andino del Perú para el periodo 2007 – 2021. Para lograr dicho objetivo se recopilaron datos de diferentes fuentes como el INEI y ENAHO, para posteriormente usar la metodología de Panel Data con una regresión econométrica log – log. Después de un análisis exhaustivo, lo resultados mostrados permiten concluir que el crecimiento económico en los departamentos de Ayacucho, Apurímac y Huancavelica ha sido sostenido durante el periodo 2007 – 2021, mostrando un crecimiento promedio de 4.78%, 9.60% y 2.48% respectivamente. La pobreza y pobreza extrema ha descendido en los departamentos de Ayacucho (-4.40%, -8.14%), Apurímac (-6.40%, -10.94%) y Huancavelica (-5.04%, -12.10%). Se comprueba nuestra hipótesis, el crecimiento económico ha tenido incidencia en la pobreza total y la pobreza extrema en los departamentos del trapecio andino durante el periodo 2007 – 2021, además, se comprueba que el crecimiento económico ha ayudado más a la reducción de la pobreza extrema (-1.099%) que la pobreza total (-0.48%). Como última conclusión se demostró que el crecimiento económico es importante pero no es la única variable que se debe tener en cuenta para lograr una eficiente disminución de la pobreza. En efecto, se puede decir que el país está teniendo un crecimiento económico sostenido, pero este crecimiento debe ir acompañado del desarrollo de otras variables para lograr una eficiente disminución de la pobreza.
ABSTRACT The present investigation was carried out with the objective of determining the incidence that economic growth has had in reducing poverty in the departments of the Andean trapeze of Peru for the period 2007 - 2021. To achieve this objective, data from different sources such as INEI and ENAHO, to later use the Panel Data methodology with a log-log econometric regression. After an exhaustive analysis, the results shown allow us to conclude that economic growth in the departments of Ayacucho, Apurímac and Huancavelica has been sustained during the period 2007 - 2021, showing an average growth of 4.78%, 9.60% and 2.48% respectively. Poverty and extreme poverty have decreased in the departments of Ayacucho (-4.40%, -8.14%), Apurímac (-6.40%, -10.94%) and Huancavelica (-5.04%, -12.10%). Our hypothesis is verified, economic growth has had an impact on the reduction of total poverty and extreme poverty in the departments of the Andean trapeze during the period 2007 - 2021, in addition, it is verified that economic growth has helped more to reduce extreme poverty (-1.099%) than total poverty (-0.48%). As a last conclusion, it was shown that economic growth is important but it is not the only variable that must be taken into account to achieve an efficient reduction of poverty. Indeed, it can be said that the country is having a sustained economic growth, but this growth must be accompanied by the development of other variables to achieve an efficient reduction of poverty.
ABSTRACT The present investigation was carried out with the objective of determining the incidence that economic growth has had in reducing poverty in the departments of the Andean trapeze of Peru for the period 2007 - 2021. To achieve this objective, data from different sources such as INEI and ENAHO, to later use the Panel Data methodology with a log-log econometric regression. After an exhaustive analysis, the results shown allow us to conclude that economic growth in the departments of Ayacucho, Apurímac and Huancavelica has been sustained during the period 2007 - 2021, showing an average growth of 4.78%, 9.60% and 2.48% respectively. Poverty and extreme poverty have decreased in the departments of Ayacucho (-4.40%, -8.14%), Apurímac (-6.40%, -10.94%) and Huancavelica (-5.04%, -12.10%). Our hypothesis is verified, economic growth has had an impact on the reduction of total poverty and extreme poverty in the departments of the Andean trapeze during the period 2007 - 2021, in addition, it is verified that economic growth has helped more to reduce extreme poverty (-1.099%) than total poverty (-0.48%). As a last conclusion, it was shown that economic growth is important but it is not the only variable that must be taken into account to achieve an efficient reduction of poverty. Indeed, it can be said that the country is having a sustained economic growth, but this growth must be accompanied by the development of other variables to achieve an efficient reduction of poverty.
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Keywords
Crecimiento económico, Pobreza, Trapecio Andino