Implementación de una mejora en la gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo para minimizar incidentes en el proyecto “EPC – Obras electromecánicas varias” en Malvinas, Cusco
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Date
2024
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Publisher
Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Esta investigación tuvo el propósito de implementar una mejora en la Gestión de Seguridad y
Salud en el Trabajo para minimizar los incidentes del proyecto ‘EPC – Obras Electromecánicas
Varias’ en Malvinas, Cusco.
La investigación es un estudio aplicado de diseño pre experimental que usa como muestra el
registro histórico de informes de investigación de incidentes de los proyectos WHCP21 y “EPC –
Obras Electromecánicas Varias”, ejecutados desde el año 2018 al 2022.
El estudio realizó un diagnosticó inicial y determinó que el proceso no era capaz, ya que tenía un
valor Z de 1,92, además de un PPM Def de 2,78%, al analizar los indicadores mensuales de
seguridad, el de frecuencia tuvo valores mayores a 0 en 4 oportunidades, siendo 36,2 el valor
más alto; los indicadores de severidad y accidentabilidad se mantuvieron en 0.
Posterior al diagnóstico, se analizaron los incidentes sucedidos en el proyecto, encontrando que
las causas básicas más comunes que agrupan al 62% del total y ocasionaron los incidentes,
fueron: Falta de conciencia sobre el entorno/percepción del riesgo/conciencia del riesgo,
desempeño infrecuente, intento incorrecto de ahorrar tiempo o esfuerzo y la evaluación
inadecuada de necesidades y riesgos.
A partir de estas causas se estableció un plan de acción con 4 objetivos y 12 actividades, del total
de actividades todas alcanzaron el 100% de ejecución salvo la actividad de, sensibilizar en el
cumplimiento de procedimientos y estándares de seguridad, la que se realizó en un 84% debido a
la naturaleza del trabajo bajo régimen de 2 días trabajados por 1 día de descanso.
Se volvió a medir los indicadores del diagnóstico inicial para evidenciar el efecto del plan de
acción SSMA, se encontró que el valor Z del proceso pasó de 1,91 a 2,19, demostrándose la
capacidad del proceso, a la vez que el PPM Def disminuyó de 2,78% a 1,43%.
El indicador de frecuencia mensual, con un valor máximo de 36,2 en la medición inicial, se
volvió a medir de forma paralela a la ejecución del plan de mejora, siendo superior a 0 sólo en el
mes de junio del 2022 con un valor de 9,3; si bien no se alcanzó el objetivo del 0, se evidencia
una reducción del 74%, a la vez que los indicadores de severidad y accidentabilidad se
mantuvieron en 0. Con estos resultados se muestra que la implementación de una mejora en la
Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo logró minimizar los incidentes del proyecto ‘EPC –
Obras Electromecánicas Varias’ en Malvinas, Cusco.
This investigation had the purpose of Implementing an improvement in Occupational Health and Safety Management to minimize incidents of the 'EPC - Various Electromechanical Works' project in Malvinas, Cusco. The research is an applied study of pre-experimental design that uses as a sample the historical record of incident investigation reports of the WHCP21 and "EPC - Various Electromechanical Works" projects, executed from 2018 to 2022. The study made an initial diagnosis and determined that the process was not capable, since it had a Z value of 1,92, in addition to a PPM Def of 2,78%, when analyzing the monthly safety indicators, the frequency had values greater than 0 in 4 opportunities, being 36,2 the highest value; the severity and accident rate indicators remained at 0. After the diagnosis, the incidents that occurred in the project were analyzed, finding that the most common basic causes that grouped 62% of the total and caused the incidents were: Lack of awareness about the environment/risk perception/risk awareness, performance infrequent, incorrect attempt to save time or effort, and inadequate assessment of needs and risks. Based on these causes, an action plan was established with 4 objectives and 12 activities, of the total activities, all reached 100% execution except for the activity of raising awareness of compliance with safety procedures and standards, which was carried out in 84% due to the nature of the work under a regime of 2 days worked for 1 day off. The indicators of the initial diagnosis were re-measured to demonstrate the effect of the SSMA action plan, it was found that the Z value of the process went from 1,91 to 2,19, demonstrating the capacity of the process, while the PPM Def decreased from 2,78%. to 1,43%. The monthly frequency indicator, with a maximum value of 36,2 in the initial measurement, was re-measured in parallel to the execution of the improvement plan, being higher than 0 only in June 2022 with a value of 9,3; Although the goal of 0 was not reached, a 74% reduction is evident, while the severity and accident rate indicators remained at 0. With these results, it is shown that the implementation of an improvement in Occupational Health and Safety Management managed to minimize the incidents of the 'EPC - Various Electromechanical Works' project in Malvinas, Cusco.
This investigation had the purpose of Implementing an improvement in Occupational Health and Safety Management to minimize incidents of the 'EPC - Various Electromechanical Works' project in Malvinas, Cusco. The research is an applied study of pre-experimental design that uses as a sample the historical record of incident investigation reports of the WHCP21 and "EPC - Various Electromechanical Works" projects, executed from 2018 to 2022. The study made an initial diagnosis and determined that the process was not capable, since it had a Z value of 1,92, in addition to a PPM Def of 2,78%, when analyzing the monthly safety indicators, the frequency had values greater than 0 in 4 opportunities, being 36,2 the highest value; the severity and accident rate indicators remained at 0. After the diagnosis, the incidents that occurred in the project were analyzed, finding that the most common basic causes that grouped 62% of the total and caused the incidents were: Lack of awareness about the environment/risk perception/risk awareness, performance infrequent, incorrect attempt to save time or effort, and inadequate assessment of needs and risks. Based on these causes, an action plan was established with 4 objectives and 12 activities, of the total activities, all reached 100% execution except for the activity of raising awareness of compliance with safety procedures and standards, which was carried out in 84% due to the nature of the work under a regime of 2 days worked for 1 day off. The indicators of the initial diagnosis were re-measured to demonstrate the effect of the SSMA action plan, it was found that the Z value of the process went from 1,91 to 2,19, demonstrating the capacity of the process, while the PPM Def decreased from 2,78%. to 1,43%. The monthly frequency indicator, with a maximum value of 36,2 in the initial measurement, was re-measured in parallel to the execution of the improvement plan, being higher than 0 only in June 2022 with a value of 9,3; Although the goal of 0 was not reached, a 74% reduction is evident, while the severity and accident rate indicators remained at 0. With these results, it is shown that the implementation of an improvement in Occupational Health and Safety Management managed to minimize the incidents of the 'EPC - Various Electromechanical Works' project in Malvinas, Cusco.
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Keywords
Gestión de seguridad