Características epidemiológicas de pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar multidrogorresistente, atendidos en la Subregión de Salud Luciano Castillo Colonna – Sullana, Perú, 2018 – 2022.
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar las características epidemiológicas de pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar multidrogorresistente (TB-MDR) atendidos en la Subregión de Salud Luciano Castillo Colonna – Sullana, Perú del 2018 al 2022. El tipo de investigación fue descriptiva, con diseño observacional; la población estuvo conformada por 611 pacientes con Tuberculosis Pulmonar y la muestra fue de 30 pacientes con diagnóstico de TB-MDR que cumplieron los criterios de exclusión e inclusión; la información fue obtenida de historias clínicas y fichas epidemiológicas, fue descrita en una base de datos; se encontró que durante el quinquenio de años del 2018 al 2022 los pacientes con TBC – MDR; el sexo masculino predomino con un 80% de los casos totales, el rango de edad con mayor número de casos fue entre 41 a 59 años con el 50%; con respecto a la ocupación el 40% con empleo y situación laboral activa; el 50% tenían hábitos nocivos, siendo el alcoholismo el más frecuente con el 26.7%; el 30% de casos tenía antecedentes de internamiento en un penal, en estado de abandono y con antecedentes de delincuencia; las características de condición de ingreso con el 53% de casos nuevos, 23.3% que habían recibido tratamiento del esquema de TB sensible y fracasaron, 10% abandonaron y fueron recuperados, el 6.7% se perdieron en el seguimiento, 3.3% con recaída, y 3.3% fracasó al retratamiento; las características de condición de egreso con el 40% del tratamiento completo, 23.3% curados, 16.6% abandonaron, 10% fallecieron, 6.6% se perdieron en el seguimiento, 3.3% con tratamiento fallido; y 20% tuvieron contacto con pacientes con TB-MDR. Se concluye que los pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar multidrogorresistente, atendidos en la subregión de Salud Luciano Castillo Colonna – Sullana, Perú, 2018 – 2022 tiene características epidemiológicas donde predomino el sexo masculino, siendo la principal comorbilidad la diabetes, con antecedentes de internamiento en un penal, en estado de abandono, con antecedentes de delincuencia y hábitos nocivos como el consumo de alcohol que favorecen el incremento de casos de TB-MDR.
The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treated in the Luciano Castillo Colonna – Sullana Health Subregion, Peru from 2018 to 2022. The type of research was descriptive, with observational design; The population consisted of 611 patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and the sample was 30 patients diagnosed with MDR-TB who met the exclusion and inclusion criteria. The information was obtained from medical records and epidemiological records, was described in a database; it was found that during the five-year period from 2018 to 2022, patients with MDR-TB; the male sex predominated with 80% of the total cases, the age range with the highest number of cases was between 41 and 59 years with 50%, regarding employment 40% are employed and have an active work situation, 50% had harmful habits, alcoholism being the most frequent with 26.7%, 30% of cases had a history of confinement in a prison, in a state of abandonment and with a history of delinquency, the characteristics of admission condition with 53% of new cases, 23.3% who had received treatment with the sensitive TB regimen and failed, 10% dropped out and were recovered, 6.7% were lost to follow-up, 3.3% with relapse, and 3.3% failed retreatment, the characteristics of discharge condition with 40% of the treatment completed, 23.3% cured, 16.6% dropped out, 10% died, 6.6% lost to follow-up, 3.3% failed treatment, and 20% had contact with MDR-TB patients. It is concluded that patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis treated in the Luciano Castillo Colonna Health subregion – Sullana, Peru, 2018 – 2022, it has epidemiological characteristics where the male sex predominates, the main comorbidity being diabetes, with a history of confinement in a prison, in a state of abandonment, with a history of delinquency and harmful habits such as alcohol consumption that contribute to the increase in MDR-TB cases.
The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treated in the Luciano Castillo Colonna – Sullana Health Subregion, Peru from 2018 to 2022. The type of research was descriptive, with observational design; The population consisted of 611 patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and the sample was 30 patients diagnosed with MDR-TB who met the exclusion and inclusion criteria. The information was obtained from medical records and epidemiological records, was described in a database; it was found that during the five-year period from 2018 to 2022, patients with MDR-TB; the male sex predominated with 80% of the total cases, the age range with the highest number of cases was between 41 and 59 years with 50%, regarding employment 40% are employed and have an active work situation, 50% had harmful habits, alcoholism being the most frequent with 26.7%, 30% of cases had a history of confinement in a prison, in a state of abandonment and with a history of delinquency, the characteristics of admission condition with 53% of new cases, 23.3% who had received treatment with the sensitive TB regimen and failed, 10% dropped out and were recovered, 6.7% were lost to follow-up, 3.3% with relapse, and 3.3% failed retreatment, the characteristics of discharge condition with 40% of the treatment completed, 23.3% cured, 16.6% dropped out, 10% died, 6.6% lost to follow-up, 3.3% failed treatment, and 20% had contact with MDR-TB patients. It is concluded that patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis treated in the Luciano Castillo Colonna Health subregion – Sullana, Peru, 2018 – 2022, it has epidemiological characteristics where the male sex predominates, the main comorbidity being diabetes, with a history of confinement in a prison, in a state of abandonment, with a history of delinquency and harmful habits such as alcohol consumption that contribute to the increase in MDR-TB cases.
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Keywords
tuberculosis pulmonar, multidrogorresistente, características epidemiológicas