Caracterización fenotípica de bacteriófagos con acción lítica aislados de aguas residuales del Distrito de Trujillo - La Libertad 2023 frente a cepas clínicas multirresistentes de Klebsiella pneumoniae
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar fenotípicamente bacteriófagos de Klebsiella pneumoniae aislados de aguas residuales del distrito de Trujillo – La Libertad. Se recolectó muestras de aguas residuales de tres puntos de los alrededores del Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, las que se agruparon en el laboratorio; a partir de estas se obtuvieron 9 muestras de bacteriófagos con capacidad lítica sobre K. pneumoniae. Se seleccionaron aquellos con mayor actividad lítica frente a 30 cultivos puros de K. pneumoniae intrahospitalarias y multirresistentes, estos fueron: FAO-14 (actividad lítica sobre 4 cultivos puros), FAO-58, FAO-61 y FAO-62 (actividad lítica sobre 3 cultivos puros). Luego, se evaluó la actividad lítica de estos cuatro bacteriófagos (en función a la presencia de placas líticas) frente a diferentes valores de: temperatura (20, 37 y 50°C) a los 30 y 60 minutos, tiempo de exposición a luz ultravioleta (10, 30, 60 y 90 segundos, a 30 cm de distancia), pH (5, 7 y 9) y tiempo de almacenamiento a -4 ºC (uno, dos y tres meses). Los bacteriófagos FAO-58 y FAO-61 disminuyeron su actividad lítica a 37 y 50°C por 60 minutos y el FAO-62, a 37 y 50°C a 30 y 60 minutos; los bacteriófagos FAO-61 y FAO-62 demostraron sensibilidad a pH 5 y; el FAO-62 disminuyó su actividad lítica a los 30 y 60 segundos de exposición a luz UV y a los 3 meses de almacenamiento a -4°C. Se concluyó que el bacteriófago FAO-14 mantiene constante su actividad lítica en comparación a los otros tres bacteriófagos
The objective of this research was to phenotypically characterize Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriophages isolated from wastewater from the Trujillo – La Libertad district. Wastewater samples were collected from three points around the Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, which were grouped in the laboratory; from these, 9 samples of bacteriophages with lytic capacity on K. pneumoniae were obtained. Those with the highest lytic activity against 30 pure cultures of hospital-acquired and multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae were selected, these were: FAO-14 (lytic activity on 4 pure cultures), FAO-58, FAO-61 and FAO-62 (lytic activity on 3 pure cultures). Then, the lytic activity of these four bacteriophages was evaluated (based on the presence of lytic plaques) against different values of: temperature (20, 37 and 50°C) at 30 and 60 minutes, exposure time to ultraviolet light. (10, 30, 60 and 90 seconds, at 30 cm distance), pH (5, 7 and 9) and storage time at -4 ºC (one, two and three months). The bacteriophages FAO-58 and FAO-61 decreased their lytic activity at 37 and 50°C for 60 minutes and FAO-62, at 37 and 50°C for 30 and 60 minutes; The bacteriophages FAO-61 and FAO-62 demonstrated sensitivity to pH 5 and; FAO-62 decreased its lytic activity after 30 and 60 seconds of exposure to UV light and after 3 months of storage at -4°C. It was concluded that bacteriophage FAO-14 maintains its lytic activity constant compared to the other three bacteriophages
The objective of this research was to phenotypically characterize Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriophages isolated from wastewater from the Trujillo – La Libertad district. Wastewater samples were collected from three points around the Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, which were grouped in the laboratory; from these, 9 samples of bacteriophages with lytic capacity on K. pneumoniae were obtained. Those with the highest lytic activity against 30 pure cultures of hospital-acquired and multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae were selected, these were: FAO-14 (lytic activity on 4 pure cultures), FAO-58, FAO-61 and FAO-62 (lytic activity on 3 pure cultures). Then, the lytic activity of these four bacteriophages was evaluated (based on the presence of lytic plaques) against different values of: temperature (20, 37 and 50°C) at 30 and 60 minutes, exposure time to ultraviolet light. (10, 30, 60 and 90 seconds, at 30 cm distance), pH (5, 7 and 9) and storage time at -4 ºC (one, two and three months). The bacteriophages FAO-58 and FAO-61 decreased their lytic activity at 37 and 50°C for 60 minutes and FAO-62, at 37 and 50°C for 30 and 60 minutes; The bacteriophages FAO-61 and FAO-62 demonstrated sensitivity to pH 5 and; FAO-62 decreased its lytic activity after 30 and 60 seconds of exposure to UV light and after 3 months of storage at -4°C. It was concluded that bacteriophage FAO-14 maintains its lytic activity constant compared to the other three bacteriophages
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Bacteriófagos