Repercusiones en la salud mental de la persona adulto mayor por la pandemia COVID-19
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación es de tipo cualitativa – descriptiva, realizada a adultos mayores de 60 años a más pertenecientes al centro de salud “San Martin de Porres”, con el objetivo de describir, analizar e interpretar las repercusiones en la salud mental del adulto mayor por la pandemia COVID 19. Se tuvo como marco teórico el Modelo de la marea del autor Phill Barker, teoría del caos de James Yorke, también, la teoría de la crisis propuesta por Edgar Caplan y, por último, Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young. El número de participantes se determinó por saturación de discurso, se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada, tomando en cuenta consideraciones éticas y de rigor. La información obtenida se procesó mediante el método de Open Logos. El contenido de los discursos permitió identificar dos categorías temáticas: 1) “Durante la pandemia, viviendo entre emociones negativas, con el apoyo familiar y divino” que contiene a su vez tres subcategorías: Viviendo entre miedo y tristeza, Viviendo la depresión, ansiedad y estrés, y Contando con el apoyo familiar y divino; así mismo la otra categoría denominada 2) “Después de la pandemia, aun viviendo entre emociones negativas y afrontándolo” que incluye tres subcategorías: Aun viviendo entre miedo y la tristeza y recibiendo apoyo y Adaptándose por medio de la resiliencia. En conclusión, se reveló que post pandemia aun hay efectos negativos en salud mental, sin embargo, hubo un porcentaje como primera fuente de apoyo la resiliencia, la familia y el soporte espiritual que mitigó los efectos negativos y permitió su adaptación positiva después de la pandemia
The present research is qualitative - descriptive, carried out on older adults over 60 years of age belonging to the “San Martin de Porres” health center, with the objective of describing, analyzing and interpreting the repercussions on the mental health of the elderly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The theoretical framework was the author Phill Barker's Tide Model, James Yorke's chaos theory, also the crisis theory proposed by Edgar Caplan and, finally, Wagnild and Young's Resilience. The number of participants was determined by discourse saturation, a semi-structured interview was carried out, taking into account ethical and rigor considerations. The information obtained was processed using the Open Logos method. The analysis of the speeches allowed us to identify two thematic categories: 1) “During the pandemic, living among negative emotions, with family and divine support” which in turn contains three subcategories: Living between fear and sadness, Living depression, anxiety and stress, and Counting on family and divine support; Likewise, the other category called 2) “After the pandemic, still living among negative emotions and facing it” which includes three subcategories: Still living between fear and sadness, Adapting through resilience and Receiving support. In conclusion, it was revealed that even after the pandemic there are negative effects on the mental health of older adults, however, a percentage had resilience, family and spiritual support as their first source of support that mitigated the negative ravages and allowed their adaptation. positive after the pandemic
The present research is qualitative - descriptive, carried out on older adults over 60 years of age belonging to the “San Martin de Porres” health center, with the objective of describing, analyzing and interpreting the repercussions on the mental health of the elderly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The theoretical framework was the author Phill Barker's Tide Model, James Yorke's chaos theory, also the crisis theory proposed by Edgar Caplan and, finally, Wagnild and Young's Resilience. The number of participants was determined by discourse saturation, a semi-structured interview was carried out, taking into account ethical and rigor considerations. The information obtained was processed using the Open Logos method. The analysis of the speeches allowed us to identify two thematic categories: 1) “During the pandemic, living among negative emotions, with family and divine support” which in turn contains three subcategories: Living between fear and sadness, Living depression, anxiety and stress, and Counting on family and divine support; Likewise, the other category called 2) “After the pandemic, still living among negative emotions and facing it” which includes three subcategories: Still living between fear and sadness, Adapting through resilience and Receiving support. In conclusion, it was revealed that even after the pandemic there are negative effects on the mental health of older adults, however, a percentage had resilience, family and spiritual support as their first source of support that mitigated the negative ravages and allowed their adaptation. positive after the pandemic
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Keywords
Pandemia
Salud mental
Adulto mayor
COVID-19