Factores de riesgo de adenocarcinoma gástrico distal en adultos mayores del Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo del 2011-2020
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El cáncer gástrico es la quinta neoplasia maligna más común en el mundo y la cuarta causa de muerte relacionada con el cáncer, se correlacionado con múltiples factores de riesgo.
Objetivo: Establecer los factores de riesgo que se asocian al diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma gástrico distal en los pacientes mayores de 60 años atendidos en el servicio de gastroenterología del Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo (HRDT) del 2011-2020.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico, casos y controles. Se tomo una muestra de 768 historias clínicas de adultos mayores del servicio de gastroenterología del HRDT de las cuales 128 fueron pacientes con cáncer gástrico y 640 pacientes sin cáncer gástrico, se registró y analizo factor a factor mediante porcentajes, distribución chi cuadrado, Odds ratio y análisis de regresión logística múltiple (ARLM)
Resultados: Se encontró un Chi cuadrado con un valor p > 0.01 y Odds ratio >1 con las variables infección por Helicobacter pylori, gastritis crónica atrófica, pólipos gástricos adenomatosos, displasia gástrica, metaplasia intestinal y tabaquismo. Siendo el factor de riesgo con mayor grado de asociación fue la infección por Helicobacter pylori. Mientras que los coeficientes estadísticamente significativos del ARLM fueron de Hp, gastritis, pólipos, y tabaquismo.
Conclusión: Se estableció como factores de riesgo a la infección por Helicobacter pylori, gastritis crónica atrófica, pólipos gástricos adenomatosos, displasia gástrica, metaplasia intestinal y tabaquismo.
Abstract Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignant neoplasm in the world and the fourth cause of cancer-related death, correlated with multiple risk factors. Objective: To establish the risk factors associated with the diagnosis of distal gastric adenocarcinoma in patients over 60 years of age treated in the gastroenterology service of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo (HRDT) from 2011-2020. Materials and methods: Analytical study, cases and controls. A sample of 768 medical records of older adults from the gastroenterology service of the HRDT was taken, of which 128 were patients with gastric cancer and 640 patients without gastric cancer, it was recorded and analyzed factor by factor using percentages, chi square distribution, Odds ratio and multiple logistic regression analysis (ARLM) Results: A Chi square was found with a p value > 0.01 and Odds ratio > 1 with the variables Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic atrophic gastritis, adenomatous gastric polyps, gastric dysplasia, intestinal metaplasia and smoking. The risk factor with the highest degree of association was Helicobacter pylori infection. While the statistically significant coefficients of the ARLM were Hp, gastritis, polyps, and smoking. Conclusion: Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic atrophic gastritis, adenomatous gastric polyps, gastric dysplasia, intestinal metaplasia and smoking were established as risk factors.
Abstract Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignant neoplasm in the world and the fourth cause of cancer-related death, correlated with multiple risk factors. Objective: To establish the risk factors associated with the diagnosis of distal gastric adenocarcinoma in patients over 60 years of age treated in the gastroenterology service of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo (HRDT) from 2011-2020. Materials and methods: Analytical study, cases and controls. A sample of 768 medical records of older adults from the gastroenterology service of the HRDT was taken, of which 128 were patients with gastric cancer and 640 patients without gastric cancer, it was recorded and analyzed factor by factor using percentages, chi square distribution, Odds ratio and multiple logistic regression analysis (ARLM) Results: A Chi square was found with a p value > 0.01 and Odds ratio > 1 with the variables Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic atrophic gastritis, adenomatous gastric polyps, gastric dysplasia, intestinal metaplasia and smoking. The risk factor with the highest degree of association was Helicobacter pylori infection. While the statistically significant coefficients of the ARLM were Hp, gastritis, polyps, and smoking. Conclusion: Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic atrophic gastritis, adenomatous gastric polyps, gastric dysplasia, intestinal metaplasia and smoking were established as risk factors.
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Keywords
Cáncer de estómago, Envejecimiento, Factores de riesgo