Aseguramiento de la calidad en Chondracanthus chamissoi “mococho” y Ulva lactuca “lechuga de mar” por detección rápida de Mercurio (Hg), Plomo (Pb) y Cromo (Cr) mediante espectroscopia de plasmas inducidos por láser (LIBS)
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Para garantizar la inocuidad alimentaria, se utilizó el método de espectroscopia de plasma inducido por láser (LIBS) para detectar metales pesados en recursos hidrobiológicos de consumo humano directo. Las muestras fueron recolectadas de la playa Huanchaco y playa las Delicias y se transportaron a la Escuela Profesional de Pesquería para ser lavadas y procesadas. Las algas fueron lavadas, pesadas, deshidratadas y almacenadas en fuentes que fueron llevadas en una estufa por 4 horas a 105 °C, luego se molieron para empastillarse. La investigaciòn se llevó a cabo en el Laboratorio de Óptica y Láseres (UNT), donde se utilizó un láser Nd:YAG pulsado de longitud de onda de 1064 nm, los pulsos tuvieron una razón de repetición de 2 Hz y una energía de 115 mJ por pulso. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la espectroscopia de plasmas inducidos por láser (LIBS), es un método rápido de detección de metales pesados como Cr y Hg en recursos hidrobiológicos de consumo humano directo. Asimismo, el método de ICP - MS, se utilizó para la cuantificación de Cr, Hg y Pb, con valores que nos permite indicar la inocuidad de estas algas. De esta manera, se puede concluir que los recursos hidrobiológicos extraídos de la playa de Huanchaco y Las Delicias contienen metales pesados que no son perjudiciales para la salud, logrando el aseguramiento de la calidad con lìneas espectrales de 383.1, 384.13, 420.36, 430.12, 437.13, 445.85, 526.57 nm, que corresponden a Cromo (Cr) y líneas espectrales de Mercurio (Hg), las cuales fueron: 279.87, 383.93, 559.53, 567.58, 612.33, 644. 05, 747.29, 770.41, 821.42, 868.67 nm.
Palabras
To ensure food safety, the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS) method was used to detect heavy metals in hydrobiological resources for direct human consumption. The samples were collected from Huanchaco beach and Las Delicias beach and transported to the Professional Fisheries School to be washed and processed. The algae were washed, weighed, dehydrated and stored in dishes that were placed in an oven for 4 hours at 105 °C, then ground to paste. The research was carried out at the Optics and Lasers Laboratory (UNT), where a pulsed Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm was used, the pulses had a repetition rate of 2 Hz and an energy of 115 mJ. by pulse. The results obtained demonstrate that laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS) is a rapid method for detecting heavy metals such as Cr and Hg in hydrobiological resources for direct human consumption. Likewise, the ICP - MS method was used for the quantification of Cr, Hg and Pb, with values that allow us to indicate the safety of these algae. In this way, it can be concluded that the hydrobiological resources extracted from Huanchaco and Las Delicias beaches contain heavy metals that are not harmful to health, achieving quality assurance with spectral lines of 383.1, 384.13, 420.36, 430.12, 437.13 , 445.85, 526.57 nm, which correspond to Chromium (Cr) and Mercury (Hg) spectral lines, which were: 279.87, 383.93, 559.53, 567.58, 612.33, 644.05, 747.29, 770.41, 821.42, 868. 67 nm.
To ensure food safety, the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS) method was used to detect heavy metals in hydrobiological resources for direct human consumption. The samples were collected from Huanchaco beach and Las Delicias beach and transported to the Professional Fisheries School to be washed and processed. The algae were washed, weighed, dehydrated and stored in dishes that were placed in an oven for 4 hours at 105 °C, then ground to paste. The research was carried out at the Optics and Lasers Laboratory (UNT), where a pulsed Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm was used, the pulses had a repetition rate of 2 Hz and an energy of 115 mJ. by pulse. The results obtained demonstrate that laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS) is a rapid method for detecting heavy metals such as Cr and Hg in hydrobiological resources for direct human consumption. Likewise, the ICP - MS method was used for the quantification of Cr, Hg and Pb, with values that allow us to indicate the safety of these algae. In this way, it can be concluded that the hydrobiological resources extracted from Huanchaco and Las Delicias beaches contain heavy metals that are not harmful to health, achieving quality assurance with spectral lines of 383.1, 384.13, 420.36, 430.12, 437.13 , 445.85, 526.57 nm, which correspond to Chromium (Cr) and Mercury (Hg) spectral lines, which were: 279.87, 383.93, 559.53, 567.58, 612.33, 644.05, 747.29, 770.41, 821.42, 868. 67 nm.
Description
Keywords
metales pesados, espectroscopia de plasma inducido por láser, LIBS.